CHECKLIST OF THE BIRDS OF JAPAN — NIHON NO YACHO CHEKKURISUTO
(Last updated: January 2021)
This checklist follows the International Ornithologists' Union's IOC World Bird List (version 11.1) as to order, taxonomy and English/Latin nomenclature. Occurrence in Japan and Japanese common names follow the Ornithological Society of Japan's Checklist of Japanese Birds (7th revised edition 2012); undocumented single sightings are indicated by 'U' and include those on OSJ's Appendix B List of unaccepted records. Status and distribution supplementally based on The Birds of Japan, Mark Brazil, Christopher Helm (London 1991), and Birds of Japan, Mark Brazil, Christopher Helm (London 2018).
Suggested revisions and updates are welcomed by the the site administrator, and will appear, if not in the body of the list, then in the notes following. For complementary information, please see Fer-Jan de Vries' An Unofficial Checklist of the Birds of Japan (1998).
And if you are a lister, record, share and compare with BUBO Listing, where this is the official Japan checklist.
KEY
P = permanent resident or year-round visitor
S = summer visitor or breeder
W = winter visitor
M = spring or fall migrant/wanderer/transient
c = common to abundant (likely to be seen on every outing in appropriate habitat)
f = fairly common, not uncommon, or of irregular occurrence
u = uncommon (low density in habitat and not often seen) or of irregular occurrence
r = rare (probably present but in very small numbers) or occurs seldom
i = isolated populations (local; occurs in some appropriate habitat but not others)
acc = accidental (vagrant or straggler; out of normal range and few observations)
X = extinct or extirpated from Japan
F = feral (introduced and breeding)
E = endemic species
? = possible or suspect record(s)
U = record(s) of species/subspecies presently unaccepted by Ornithological Society of Japan
* = footnote
Japanese names are entirely phonetic; but remember that there are no diphthongs-- each vowel is pronounced separately, including double vowels. Japanese vowels are as in fAther, skI, rUe, bEt, fOe.
(Last updated: January 2021)
This checklist follows the International Ornithologists' Union's IOC World Bird List (version 11.1) as to order, taxonomy and English/Latin nomenclature. Occurrence in Japan and Japanese common names follow the Ornithological Society of Japan's Checklist of Japanese Birds (7th revised edition 2012); undocumented single sightings are indicated by 'U' and include those on OSJ's Appendix B List of unaccepted records. Status and distribution supplementally based on The Birds of Japan, Mark Brazil, Christopher Helm (London 1991), and Birds of Japan, Mark Brazil, Christopher Helm (London 2018).
Suggested revisions and updates are welcomed by the the site administrator, and will appear, if not in the body of the list, then in the notes following. For complementary information, please see Fer-Jan de Vries' An Unofficial Checklist of the Birds of Japan (1998).
And if you are a lister, record, share and compare with BUBO Listing, where this is the official Japan checklist.
KEY
P = permanent resident or year-round visitor
S = summer visitor or breeder
W = winter visitor
M = spring or fall migrant/wanderer/transient
c = common to abundant (likely to be seen on every outing in appropriate habitat)
f = fairly common, not uncommon, or of irregular occurrence
u = uncommon (low density in habitat and not often seen) or of irregular occurrence
r = rare (probably present but in very small numbers) or occurs seldom
i = isolated populations (local; occurs in some appropriate habitat but not others)
acc = accidental (vagrant or straggler; out of normal range and few observations)
X = extinct or extirpated from Japan
F = feral (introduced and breeding)
E = endemic species
? = possible or suspect record(s)
U = record(s) of species/subspecies presently unaccepted by Ornithological Society of Japan
* = footnote
Japanese names are entirely phonetic; but remember that there are no diphthongs-- each vowel is pronounced separately, including double vowels. Japanese vowels are as in fAther, skI, rUe, bEt, fOe.
1 = Hokkaido and associated islands
2 = northern Honshu and associated islands (inc. Hegurajima), down to Jahn's Line, or the Kanto Plain, roughly
3 = western Honshu and associated islands (inc. Tsushima and the Izu Islands), from Jahn's Line south and west
4 = Kyushu, Shikoku and associated islands
5 = the Nansei Shoto, from Amami Island to the Yaeyama Islands
6 = the eastern islands: the Ogasawara and Iwo Islands
GALLIFORMES
Kiji-ka, (Pheasants and allies), Phasianidae
___, Ezo-raicho, (Hazel Grouse), Tetrastes bonasia (ssp vicinitas), uiP1
___, Raicho, (Rock Ptarmigan), Lagopus muta (ssp japonica), uiP2-3
___, Uzura, (Japanese Quail), Coturnix japonica, uiS1-2; uiMW2-5
___, Kojukei, (Chinese Bamboo Partridge), Bambusicola thoracicus, F cP2-4
___, Taiwan-kojukei, (Taiwan Bamboo Partridge), Bambusicola sonorivox, F P
___, Yamadori, (Copper Pheasant), Syrmaticus soemmerringii (ssp scintillans, subrufus, intermedius, soemmerringii, ijimae), uP2-4
___, Korai-kiji, (Common Pheasant), Phasianus colchicus (ssp karpowi, pallasi), F ciP1-3 (regular breeder)
___, Kiji, (Green Pheasant), Phasianus versicolor (ssp robustipes, tohkaidi, tanensis, versicolor), fP2-4
___, Indo-kujaku, (Indian Peafowl), Pavo cristatus, F Pi5 (regular breeder)
ANSERIFORMES
Kamo-ka, (Ducks, Geese and Swans), Anatidae
___, Ryukyu-gamo, (Lesser Whistling Duck), Dendrocygna javanica, acc5 (old records)
___, Koku-gan, (Brant Goose), Branta bernicla (ssp nigricans), uiW1-4; acc5
___, Ao-gan, (Red-breasted Goose), Branta ruficollis, acc; (1 record, Lake Izunuma-Uchinuma, Oct 2019–Feb 2020)
___, Kanada-gan, (Canada Goose), Branta canadensis (ssp moffitti), acc; F (Ibaraki, Kanagawa, Yamanashi, Shizuoka)
___, Shijukara-gan, (Cackling Goose), Branta hutchinsii (ssp leucopareia, minima), rW1-2
___, Indo-gan, (Bar-headed Goose), Anser indicus, acc2-6
___, Mikado-gan, (Emperor Goose), Anser canagicus, acc2 (Nov 1964–Feb 1965)
___, Haku-gan, (Snow Goose), Chen caerulescens (ssp caerulescens, atlantica), rW1-4
___, Haiiro-gan, (Greylag Goose), Anser anser (ssp rubirostris), rW1-5
___, Sakatsura-gan, (Swan Goose), Anser cygnoides, rW1-4; acc5
___, O-hishikui, (Taiga Bean Goose), Anser fabalis (ssp middendorffii), ciW1-4; acc5-6
___, Hishikui, (Tundra Bean Goose), Anser serrirostris (ssp serrirostris), uiW1-4; acc5-6
___, Ma-gan, (Greater White-fronted Goose), Anser albifrons (ssp albifrons), ciW1-4; acc5-6
___, Karigane, (Lesser White-fronted Goose), Anser erythropus, rM1; rW2-4
___, Kokucho, (Black Swan), Cygnus atratus, F1-2 (regular breeder Ibaraki)
___, Kobu-hakucho, (Mute Swan), Cygnus olor, F ciP1-3 (old records only for wild races)
___, Naki-hakucho, (Trumpeter Swan), Cygnus buccinator, acc1-2
___, Ko-hakucho, (Tundra Swan), Cygnus columbianus (ssp columbianus, bewickii), M1; ciW2; acc3-5
___, O-hakucho, (Whooper Swan), Cygnus cygnus, ciW1-4; acc5-6
___, Tsukushi-gamo, (Common Shelduck), Tadorna tadorna, acc1-3, 5; ciW4
___, Aka-tsukushi-gamo, (Ruddy Shelduck), Tadorna ferruginea, acc1-2, 5; rW3-4
X __, Kammuri-tsukushi-gamo, (Crested Shelduck), Tadorna cristata, (rW1-2)
___, Oshidori, (Mandarin Duck), Aix galericulata, uiS1-5; uiW2-5; acc6
___, Nankin-oshi, (Cotton Pygmy Goose), Nettapus coromandelianus (ssp coromandelianus), acc3, 5 (Osaka May 2010, Taramajima June 2010, Yonaguni Mar 1972)
___, Tomoe-gamo, (Baikal Teal), Sibirionetta formosa, acc1, 6; uiW2-5
___, Shimaaji, (Garganey), Spatula querquedula, uMrW1-6
___, Mikazuki-shimaaji, (Blue-winged Teal), Spatula discors, acc3 (Aichi, Gifu Jan 1996)
___, Hashibiro-gamo, (Northern Shoveler), Spatula clypeata, fMW1-5; rW6
___, Oka-yoshi-gamo, (Gadwall), Mareca strepera (ssp strepera), uS1; fW2-4; r5-6
___, Yoshi-gamo, (Falcated Duck), Mareca falcata, fiS1; fW1-5
___, Hidori-gamo, (Eurasian Wigeon), Mareca penelope, cM1-2; ciW2-5; acc6
___, Amerika-hidori, (American Wigeon), Mareca americana, rW2-5
___, Akanodo-karugamo, (Philippine Duck), Anas luzonica, acc5
___, Karu-gamo, (Eastern Spot-billed Duck), Anas zonorhyncha, uS1, 6; cP2-5
___, Ma-gamo, (Mallard), Anas platyrhynchos (ssp platyrhynchos), fS1-2; cMW1-5
___, Onaga-gamo, (Northern Pintail), Anas acuta, cW1-4; uW5-6
___, Ko-gamo, (Eurasian Teal), Anas crecca (ssp crecca), cWrS1-5; uW6
___, Amerika-ko-gamo, (Green-winged Teal), Anas carolinensis, accW1-6
___, Akahashi-hajiro, (Red-crested Pochard), Netta rufina, accW2-5
___, O-hoshi-hajiro, (Canvasback), Aythya valisineria, accW1-6
___, Amerika-hoshi-hajiro, (Redhead), Aythya americana, accW2 (Tokyo Jan 1985)
___, Hoshi-hajiro, (Common Pochard), Aythya ferina, rS1; cW2-4; rW5
___, Aka-hajiro, (Baer's Pochard), Aythya baeri, rW1-5
___, Mejiro-gamo, (Ferruginous Duck), Aythya nyroca, accW1-5
___, Kubiwa-kinkuro, (Ring-necked Duck), Aythya collaris, accW1-4
___, Kinkuro-hajiro, (Tufted Duck), Aythya fuligula, cMW1-4; uW5-6
___, Suzu-gamo, (Greater Scaup), Aythya marila (ssp nearctica), cW1-4; uW5-6
___, Ko-suzu-gamo, (Lesser Scaup), Aythya affinis, accW1-5
___, Ko-kewata-gamo, (Steller's Eider), Polysticta stelleri, uiW1; accW2-4
___, Kewata-gamo, (King Eider), Somateria spectabilis, accW1
U__, Hon-kewata-gamo, (Common Eider), Somateria mollissima (ssp v-nigrum), accW1
___, Shinori-gamo, (Harlequin Duck), Histrionicus histrionicus, cW1-2; rW3-6
___, Aranami-kinkuro, (Surf Scoter), Melanitta perspicillata, accW1-2
___, Amerika-birodo-kinkuro, (White-winged Scoter), Melanitta deglandi, Photographed at Nemuro, Hokkaido 26 Feb 2012 (D. Cooper, B. Kay).
___, Birodo-kinkuro, (Stejneger's Scoter), Melanitta stejnegeri, cW1; rW2-4
___, Kuro-gamo, (Black Scoter), Melanitta americana, cW1; fW2; acc3-4
___, Kori-gamo, (Long-tailed Duck), Clangula hyemalis, cW1; rW2; acc3-4
___, Hime-hajiro, (Bufflehead), Bucephala albeola, accW1-4
___, Hojiro-gamo, (Common Goldeneye), Bucephala clangula (ssp clangula), fW1-2; uW3-4; acc5
U__, Kita-hojiro-gamo, (Barrow's Goldeneye), Bucephala islandica, acc2
___, Miko-aisa, (Smew), Mergellus albellus, fiW1-2; rW3-5
U__, Ogi-aisa, (Hooded Merganser), Lophodytes cucullatus, acc
___, Kawa-aisa, (Common Merganser), Mergus merganser (ssp merganser, orientalis), uS1; ciW1-2; uW3-4; acc5
___, Umi-aisa, (Red-breasted Merganser), Mergus serrator, fW1-2; uW3-4; acc5-6
___, Korai-aisa, (Scaly-sided Merganser), Mergus squamatus, accW1-5
CAPRIMULGIFORMES
Yotaka-ka, (Nightjars), Caprimulgidae
___, Yotaka, (Grey Nightjar), Caprimulgus jotaka (ssp jotaka), fiS1-4; rM5-6
APODIFORMES
Anatsubame-ka, (Swifts), Apodidae
___, Himaraya-anatsubame, (Himalayan Swiftlet), Aerodramus brevirostris (ssp innominatus?), acc3-5
U__, Muji-anatsubame, (Uniform Swiftlet), Aerodramus vanikorensis (ssp?), acc
U__, Marea-anatsubame, (Edible-nest/Germains's Swiftlet), Aerodramus fuciphagus/germani, acc
___, Hari-o-amatsubame, (White-throated Needletail), Hirundapus caudacutus (ssp caudacutus), fS1-2; rM3-6
U__, Kurobitai-hario-amatsubame, (Silver-backed Needletail), Hirundapus cochinchinensis, acc
U__, Shirohara-amatsubame, (Alpine Swift), Tachymarptis melba (ssp?), acc
U__, Yoroppa-amatsubame, (Common Swift), Apus apus (ssp pekinensis), acc5
___, Amatsubame, (Pacific Swift), Apus pacificus (ssp pacificus), ciS1-4; rM5-6
___, Hime-amatsubame, (House Swift), Apus nipalensis (ssp kuntzi), uiP2-6
OTIDIFORMES
Nogan-ka, (Bustards), Otididae
___, Nogan, (Great Bustard), Otis tarda (ssp dybowskii), accW1-5
___, Hime-nogan, (Little Bustard), Tetrax tetrax, acc4
CUCULIFORMES
Kakkoo-ka, (Cuckoos), Cuculidae
___, Banken, (Lesser Coucal), Centropus bengalensis (ssp lignator), acc5
___, Kammuri-kakko, (Chestnut-winged Cuckoo), Clamator coromandus, acc2-5
U__, Kuroshiro-kammuri-kakko, (Jacobin Cuckoo), Clamator jacobinus (ssp pica, jacobinus?), acc5 (Iriomote 1997)
___, Oni-kakko, (Asian Koel), Eudynamys scolopaceus (ssp chinensis), acc2-5
___, Kiji-kakko, (Pacific Long-tailed Cuckoo), Urodynamis taitensis, acc2 (Chiba, May 2008)
___, Ochu-kakko, (Square-tailed Drongo-Cuckoo), Surniculus lugubris (ssp?), acc4-5
___, O-juichi, (Large Hawk-Cuckoo), Hierococcyx sparverioides, acc5
___, Juichi, (Rufous Hawk-Cuckoo), Hierococcyx hyperythrus, uS1-4; acc5
___, Hototogisu, (Lesser Cuckoo), Cuculus poliocephalus, fS1-5; M6
___, Seguro-kakko, (Indian Cuckoo), Cuculus micropterus (ssp micropterus), acc2-5
___, Tsutsudori, (Oriental Cuckoo), Cuculus optatus, fS1-4; M4-6
___, Kakko, (Common Cuckoo), Cuculus canorus (ssp canorus), cS1-4; M4-6
PTEROCLIFORMES
Sakei-ka, (Sandgrouse), Pteroclididae
___, Sakei, (Pallas's Sandgrouse), Syrrhaptes paradoxus, acc2-5
COLUMBIFORMES
Hato-ka, (Pigeons and Doves), Columbidae
___, Do-bato, (Rock Dove), Columba livia (ssp livia?), F cP1-6
___, Hime-moribato, (Stock Dove), Columba oenas (ssp oenas), acc2-5
___, Karasu-bato, (Japanese Wood Pigeon), Columba janthina (ssp janthina, nitens, stejnegeri), uiP2-6
X__, Ogasawara-karasu-bato, (Bonin Wood Pigeon), Columba versicolor, (E P6)
X__, Ryukyu-karasu-bato, (Ryukyu Wood Pigeon), Columba jouyi, (E P5)
___, Kiji-bato, (Oriental Turtle Dove), Streptopelia orientalis (ssp orientalis, stimpsoni), cS1; cP2-5; uW6
___, Shirako-bato, (Eurasian Collared Dove), Streptopelia decaocto (ssp decaocto), F uiP3-5
___, Beni-bato, (Red Turtle Dove), Streptopelia tranquebarica (ssp humilis), acc3-4; rMW5
U__, Kanoko-bato, (Spotted Dove), Spilopelia chinensis (ssp chinensis), acc
U__, Onaga-bato, (Philippine Cuckoo-Dove), Macropygia tenuirostris (ssp phaea?), acc
___, Kin-bato, (Common Emerald Dove), Chalcophaps indica (ssp indica), uiP5
___, Ao-bato, (White-bellied Green Pigeon), Treron sieboldii (ssp sieboldii, fopingensis), fiS1-2; uP3-4; uW5-6
___, Zuaka-ao-bato, (Whistling Green Pigeon), Treron formosae (spp permagnus, medioximus), fP4-5
___, Kuroago-hime-ao-bato, (Black-chinned Fruit Dove), Ptilinopus leclancheri (ssp taiwanus), acc5 (Iriomote Aug 2004)
GRUIFORMES
Kuina-ka, (Rails, Crakes and Coots), Rallidae
___, Shima-kuina, (Swinhoe's Rail), Coturnicops exquisitus, rMW1-5
___, O-kuina, (Slaty-legged Crake), Rallina eurizonoides (ssp sepiaria), rP5
E__, Yambaru-kuina, (Okinawa Rail), Gallirallus okinawae, fiP5
___, Minami-kuina, (Slaty-breasted Rail), Gallirallus striatus (ssp taiwanus, striatus?), acc5 (Okinawa Oct 2007, Miyako May 2010)
___, Kuina, (Brown-cheeked Rail), Rallus indicus, uiS1-2; uiW2-5
U__, Uzura-kuina, (Corn Crake), Crex crex, acc
___, Shirohara-kuina, (White-breasted Waterhen), Amaurornis phoenicurus (ssp phoenicurus), r1-4, 6; cP5
___, Hime-kuina, (Baillon's Crake), Porzana pusilla (ssp pusilla), uiS1-2; rMW3-6
___, Komon-kuina, (Spotted Crake), Porzana porzana, acc (Okinawa Nov 2008)
___, Hi-kuina, (Ruddy-breasted Crake), Porzana fusca (ssp phaeopyga, erythrothorax), cS1-2; cSuW3-4; cP5
___, Korai-kuina, (Band-bellied Crake), Porzana paykullii, acc5 (Oshima May 1993, Okinawa Oct 1998)
X__, Mamijiro-kuina, (White-browed Crake), Porzana cinerea, (P6)
___, Tsuru-kuina, (Watercock), Gallicrex cinerea, rM1-4, 6; cP5
U__, *Seikei, (Grey-headed Swamphen), Porphyrio poliocephalus, acc
___, Ban, (Common Moorhen), Gallinula chloropus (ssp chloropus), uS1; cS2; fP3-6
___, O-ban, (Eurasian Coot), Fulica atra (ssp atra), uiS1; ciP2; uiW3-6
Tsuru-ka, (Cranes), Gruidae
___, Sodeguro-zuru, (Siberian Crane), Leucogeranus leucogeranus, accMW1-5
___, Kanada-zuru, (Sandhill Crane), Antigone canadensis (ssp canadensis), accW1-4, 6
___, Mana-zuru, (White-naped Crane), Antigone vipio, ciW4; acc1-3,5
___, Aneha-zuru, (Demoiselle Crane), Grus virgo, acc1-4
___, Tancho, (Red-crowned Crane), Grus japonensis, ciP1; acc2-4
___, Kuro-zuru, (Common Crane), Grus grus, accW1-5
___, Nabe-zuru, (Hooded Crane), Grus monacha, acc1-2, 5-6; ciW3-4
PODICIPEDIFORMES
Kaitsuburi-ka, (Grebes), Podicipedidae
___, Kaitsuburi, (Little Grebe), Tachybaptus ruficollis (ssp poggei), cS1; cP2-6
___, Aka-eri-kaitsuburi, (Red-necked Grebe), Podiceps grisegena (ssp holbollii), uS1; fW1-4; acc5
___, Kammuri-kaitsuburi, (Great Crested Grebe), Podiceps cristatus (ssp cristatus), rS2; cW2-6
___, Mimi-kaitsuburi, (Horned Grebe), Podiceps auritus (ssp auritus), rW1-4; acc5
___, Hajiro-kaitsuburi, (Black-necked Grebe), Podiceps nigricollis (ssp nigricollis), uW1-6
CHARADRIIFORMES
Mifu-uzura-ka, (Buttonquail), Turnicidae
___, Mifu-uzura, (Barred Buttonquail), Turnix suscitator (ssp okinavensis), acc4; fP5
Miyakodori-ka, (Oystercatchers), Haematopodidae
___, Miyakodori, (Eurasian Oystercatcher), Haematopus ostralegus (ssp osculans), rMW1-4; acc5-6
Seitaka-shigi-ka, (Stilts and Avocets), Recurvirostridae
___, Seitaka-shigi, (Black-winged Stilt), Himantopus himantopus, rM1-2, 4; riS3; uW5; acc6 (sm P pop Tokyo)
___, Osutoraria-seitaka-shigi, (Pied Stilt), Himantopus leucocephalus, acc1-5
___, Sorihashi-seitaka-shigi, (Pied Avocet), Recurvirostra avosetta, acc1; rW2-5
Chidori-ka, (Plovers), Charadriidae
___, Ta-geri, (Northern Lapwing), Vanellus vanellus, fM1-2; ciW3-5; acc6
___, Keri, (Grey-headed Lapwing), Vanellus cinereus, acc1, 6; uiS2; fP3; r4-5
___, Yoroppa-munaguro, (European Golden Plover), Pluvialis apricaria, acc (Okinawa Oct 2011)
___, Munaguro, (Pacific Golden Plover), Pluvialis fulva, cM1-5; uW3-4; cW5-6
___, Amerika-munaguro, (American Golden Plover), Pluvialis dominica, acc2-5 (Saitama Apr 1987, Ibaraki May 2002, Okinawa Sept 1986)
___, Daizen, (Grey Plover), Pluvialis squatarola (ssp squatarola, tomkovichi), fM1-5; uiW2-5; uW6
___, Hajiro-ko-chidori, (Common Ringed Plover), Charadrius hiaticula (ssp tundrae), rM1; rW2-5; acc6
___, Mizukaki-chidori, (Semipalmated Plover), Charadrius semipalmatus, acc2-4 (Aichi Nov 2007–May 2007; Fukuoka April 1996, October 1999)
___, Ikaru-chidori, (Long-billed Plover), Charadrius placidus, uS1; fS2; fiP3-4; rMW5; acc6
___, Ko-chidori, (Little Ringed Plover), Charadrius dubius (ssp curonicus), cS1-4; cMuW3; cMcW4-5; acc6
___, Shiro-chidori, (Kentish Plover), Charadrius alexandrinus (ssp dealbatus, nihonensis), cMS1-5; ciW2-5; acc6
___, Medai-chidori, (Lesser Sand Plover), Charadrius mongolus (ssp atrifrons, schaeferi, mongolus, stegmanni), cM1-6; accW2-3; ciW4-5; acc6
___, O-medai-chidori, (Greater Sand Plover), Charadrius leschenaultii (ssp leschenaultii) , rM1-2; uM3-5; uW5; acc6
___, O-chidori, (Oriental Plover), Charadrius veredus, accMW1-5
___, Kobashi-chidori, (Eurasian Dotterel,) Charadrius morinellus, accM1-5
Tama-shigi-ka, (Painted-snipes), Rostratulidae
___, Tama-shigi, (Greater Painted-snipe), Rostratula benghalensis (ssp benghalensis), accS1; uiMP2-5
Renkaku-ka, (Jacanas), Jacanidae
___, Renkaku, (Pheasant-tailed Jacana), Hydrophasianus chirurgus, acc1-5
Shigi-ka, (Sandpipers and Snipes), Scolopacidae
___, Harimomo-chushaku, (Bristle-thighed Curlew), Numenius tahitiensis, accM1-6
___, Chushaku-shigi, (Eurasian Whimbrel), Numenius phaeopus (ssp variegatus), cM1-5; uW4-5; acc6
___, Hadoson-chushaku-shigi, (Hudsonian Whimbrel), Numenius hudsonicus, acc
___, Koshaku-shigi, (Little Curlew), Numenius minutus, rM1-6
___, Horoku-shigi, (Far Eastern Curlew), Numenius madagascariensis, uM1-5; uW3-5; acc6
___, Shirohara-chushaku-shigi, (Slender-billed Curlew), Numenius tenuirostris, acc3 (old records)
___, Daishaku-shigi, (Eurasian Curlew), Numenius arquata (ssp orientalis), fM1-5; ciW3-6
___, O-sorihashi-shigi, (Bar-tailed Godwit), Limosa lapponica (ssp menzbieri, baueri), fM1-5; rW5; acc6
___, Oguro-shigi, (Black-tailed Godwit), Limosa limosa (ssp melanuroides), fM1-5; uW5-6
___, Amerika-oguro-shigi, (Hudsonian Godwit), Limosa haemastica, acc4 (Saga May 2007)
___, Kyojo-shigi, (Ruddy Turnstone), Arenaria interpres (ssp interpres), cM1-5; uW5-6
U__, Kuro-kyojo-shigi, (Black Turnstone), Arenaria melanocephala, acc
___, Oba-shigi, (Great Knot), Calidris tenuirostris, uM1-5
___, Ko-oba-shigi, (Red Knot), Calidris canutus (ssp piersmai, rogersi, roselaari), rM1-5
___, Erimaki-shigi, (Ruff), Calidris pugnax, uMrW1-6
___, Kiriai, (Broad-billed Sandpiper), Calidris falcinellus (ssp sibirica), uM1-6
___, Uzura-shigi, (Sharp-tailed Sandpiper), Calidris acuminata, fM1-5; uW6
___, Ashinaga-shigi, (Stilt Sandpiper), Calidris himantopus, accM1-6
___, Saru-hama-shigi, (Curlew Sandpiper), Calidris ferruginea, uM1-5; accW3-6
___, Ojiro-tonen, (Temminck's Stint), Calidris temminckii, uM1-5; rW3-5
___, Hibari-shigi, (Long-Toed Stint), Calidris subminuta, uM1-5; uiW4-6
___, Hera-shigi, (Spoon-billed Sandpiper), Calidris pygmaea, rM1-5
___, Tonen, (Red-necked Stint), Calidris ruficollis, cM1-6; uiW4-6
___, Miyubi-shigi, (Sanderling), Calidris alba (ssp rubida), fM1-5; uiW3-6
___, Hama-shigi, (Dunlin), Calidris alpina (ssp sakhalina, kistchinski, actites, arcticola), cM1; cMW2-5; uW6
___, Chishima-shigi, (Rock Sandpiper), Calidris ptilocnemis (ssp tschuktschorum, couesi, quarta), rMW1; accW2
___, Hime-uzura-shigi, (Baird's Sandpiper), Calidris bairdii, accM1-5
___, Yoroppa-tonen, (Little Stint), Calidris minuta, accM2-5
___, Koshijiro-uzura-shigi, (White-rumped Sandpiper), Calidris fuscicollis, acc2 (Niigata Aug 2011, Kanagawa Aug 2006, Chiba Aug 2019)
___, Komon-shigi, (Buff-breasted Sandpiper), Calidris subruficollis, accM1-5
___, Amerika-uzura-shigi, (Pectoral Sandpiper), Calidris melanotos, rM1-5; acc6
U__, Hire-ashi-tonen, (Semipalmated Sandpiper), Calidris pusilla, acc
___, Hime-hama-shigi, (Western Sandpiper), Calidris mauri, accMW2-5
___, Shiberia-ohashi-shigi, (Asian Dowitcher), Limnodromus semipalmatus, rM1-5
___, Ohashi-shigi, (Long-billed Dowitcher), Limnodromus scolopaceus, rW1; rMW1-6
___, Amerika-ohashi-shigi, (Short-billed Dowitcher), Limnodromus griseus (ssp caurinus), accM2-3 (Kanagawa Sep 1982, Shizuoka Aug 1987, Tokushima Aug 1987 & Aug 2000)
___, Yama-shigi, (Eurasian Woodcock), Scolopax rusticola, uS1-2; uMW3-5
E__, Amami-yama-shigi, (Amami Woodcock), Scolopax mira, fP5
___, Ko-shigi, (Jack Snipe), Lymnocryptes minimus, accM1; accMW2-5
___, Ao-shigi, (Solitary Snipe), Gallinago solitaria (ssp japonica), uMW1-2; rW3-4; acc5-6
___, O-ji-shigi, (Latham's Snipe), Gallinago hardwickii, cS1; rSW2; M1-5
___, Hario-shigi, (Pin-tailed Snipe), Gallinago stenura, rM1-3; uW4-5; acc6
___, Chu-ji-shigi, (Swinhoe's Snipe), Gallinago megala, rM1-5; rW5; acc6
___, Ta-shigi, (Common Snipe), Gallinago gallinago (ssp gallinago), cM1; cMW2-5; acc6
___, Sorihashi-shigi, (Terek Sandpiper), Xenus cinereus, uM1-5; rW4-6
___, Amerika-hire-ashi-shigi, (Wilson's Phalarope), Phalaropus tricolor, acc3 (Aichi May 1985, July 1986)
___, Aka-eri-hire-ashi-shigi, (Red-necked Phalarope), Phalaropus lobatus, cM1-6
___, Haiiro-hire-ashi-shigi, (Red Phalarope), Phalaropus fulicarius, uMrW1-5
___, Iso-shigi, (Common Sandpiper), Actitis hypoleucos, cMS1-3; cMW3-6
___, Amerika-iso-shigi, (Spotted Sandpiper), Actitis macularius, acc1 (Hokkaido May 2003)
___, Kusa-shigi, (Green Sandpiper), Tringa ochropus, uM1; uMW2-5; acc6
___, Meriken-kiashi-shigi, (Wandering Tattler), Tringa incana, rMW1-6
___, Kiashi-shigi, (Grey-tailed Tattler), Tringa brevipes, cM1-5; uW5-6
___, Ko-kiashi-shigi, (Lesser Yellowlegs), Tringa flavipes, accM1; accMW2-5; acc6
___, Aka-ashi-shigi, (Common Redshank), Tringa totanus (ssp ussuriensis), uS1; uM1-6; uW5
___, Ko-ao-ashi-shigi, (Marsh Sandpiper), Tringa stagnatilis, acc1; uM2-4; cMuW5-6
___, Takabu-shigi, (Wood Sandpiper), Tringa glareola, cM1-5; uW3-5; acc6
___, Tsuru-shigi, (Spotted Redshank), Tringa erythropus, cM1-5; uW3-6
___, Ao-ashi-shigi, (Common Greenshank), Tringa nebularia, cM1-6; uW5-6
___, Karafuto-aoashi-shigi, (Nordmann's Greenshank), Tringa guttifer, rM1-5
___, O-kiashi-shigi, (Greater Yellowlegs), Tringa melanoleuca, accM1; accMW2-5
Tsubame-chidori-ka, (Coursers and Pratincoles), Glareolidae
___, Tsubame-chidori, (Oriental Pratincole), Glareola maldivarum, acc1; uM2-5; uiS3-5
Kamome-ka, (Gulls, Terns and Skimmers), Laridae
___, Kuro-ajisashi, (Brown Noddy), Anous stolidus (ssp pileatus), accM1; rM2-4; ci5-6
___, Hime-kuro-ajisashi, (Black Noddy), Anous minutus (ssp marcusi), riS5-6
___, Haiiro-ajisashi, (Blue Noddy), Anous ceruleus (ssp saxatilis), acc6 (old records)
___, Shiro-ajisashi, (White Tern), Gygis alba (ssp candida), acc1-6
___, Mitsuyubi-kamome, (Black-legged Kittiwake), Rissa tridactyla (ssp pollicaris), cMW1-2; rW3-5
___, Akaashi-mitsuyubi-kamome, (Red-legged Kittiwake), Rissa brevirostris, accW1-2
___, Zoge-kamome, (Ivory Gull), Pagophila eburnea, accW1-2
___, Kubiwa-kamome, (Sabine's Gull), Xema sabini, accW2 (Miyagi Nov 1909, Aichi Nov 1975)
___, Hashiboso-kamome, (Slender-billed Gull), Chroicocephalus genei, acc4 (Fukuoka winters 1984–1990)
___, Bonaparuto-kamome, (Bonaparte's Gull), Chroicocephalus philadelphia, acc1-3
___, Chagashira-kamome, (Brown-headed Gull), Chroicocephalus brunnicephalus, acc2 (Ibaraki, Chiba May 2002)
___, Yuri-kamome, (Black-headed Gull), Chroicocephalus ridibundus, cMuW1-2; cW3-4; uW5-6
___, Zuguro-kamome, (Saunders's Gull), Chroicocephalus saundersi, acc1; rW2-3; uiW4-5
___, Hime-kamome, (Little Gull), Hydrocoloeus minutus, acc1-4
___, Hime-kubiwa-kamome, (Ross's Gull), Rhodostethia rosea, rW1; accW2
___, Warai-kamome, (Laughing Gull), Leucophaeus atricilla (ssp megalopterus), acc2-6
___, Amerika-zuguro-kamome, (Franklin's Gull), Leucophaeus pipixcan, acc2-5
___, Gobi-zukin-kamome, (Relict Gull), Ichthyaetus relictus, acc2-4
___, O-zuguro-kamome, (Pallas's Gull), Ichthyaetus ichthyaetus, accW3-5
___, Umineko, (Black-tailed Gull), Larus crassirostris, ciS1; cW2-6
___, Kamome, (Mew Gull), Larus canus (ssp heinei, kamtschatschensis, brachyrhynchus), ciMW1-2; fiW3-4; acc5-6
U__, Obi-hashi-kamome, (Ring-billed Gull), Larus delawarensis, acc2
U__, Karuforunia-kamome, (California Gull), Larus californicus (ssp albertaensis, californicus?), acc2
___, Washi-kamome, (Glaucous-winged Gull), Larus glaucescens, ciWrS1; rW2-4; acc5
___, Shiro-kamome, (Glaucous Gull), Larus hyperboreus (ssp pallidissimus, barrovianus), cW1-2; uW3-4; acc5-6
___, Aisurando-kamome, (Iceland Gull), Larus glaucoides (ssp glaucoides, kumlien, thayeri [Kanada-kamome]), rW1-2; accW2-3
___, Amerika-seguro-kamome, (American Herring Gull), Larus smithsonianus, acc2
___, Seguro-kamome, (Vega Gull), Larus vegae (ssp mongolicus, vegae), fMrW1; cW2-4; rW5-6
___, Kiashi-seguro-kamome, (Caspian Gull), Larus cachinnans, accW2-4
___, O-seguro-kamome, (Slaty-backed Gull), Larus schistisagus, ciP1; cW2; uW3-4; r5-6
___, Nishi-seguro-kamome, (Lesser Black-backed Gull), Larus fuscus (ssp heuglini), rMW1-4
___, Hashibuto-ajisashi, (Gull-billed Tern), Gelochelidon nilotica (ssp nilotica, affinis), rS2-5
___, Oni-ajisashi, (Caspian Tern), Hydroprogne caspia, accMW2-4; rM5
___, O-ajisashi, (Greater Crested Tern), Thalasseus bergii (ssp cristatus), acc2-4; uiS5-6
___, Bengaru-ajisashi, (Lesser Crested Tern), Thalasseus bengalensis (ssp torresii), acc3 (Shizuoka July 1998)
U__, *Higashishina-ajisashi, (Chinese Crested Tern), Thalasseus bernsteini, acc5 (Miyakojima May 2018)
___, Ko-ajisashi, (Little Tern), Sternula albifrons (spp sinensis), acc1, 6; fiS2-5
___, Amerika-ko-ajisashi, (Least Tern), Sternula antillarum (ssp browni?), accS2 (Ibaraki July 2014 & July 2016)
___, Koshijiro-ajisashi, (Aleutian Tern), Onychoprion aleuticus, acc1-4
___, Nanyo-mamijiro-ajisashi, (Spectacled Tern), Onychoprion lunatus, acc6 (old records)
___, Mamijiro-ajisashi, (Bridled Tern), Onychoprion anaethetus (ssp anaethetus), acc1-4, 6; ciS5
___, Seguro-ajisashi, (Sooty Tern), Onychoprion fuscatus (ssp nubilosus, oahuensis), acc1-4; ciS5-6
___, Beni-ajisashi, (Roseate Tern), Sterna dougallii (ssp bangsi), acc2-3; r4; ciS5
___, Eriguro-ajisashi, (Black-naped Tern), Sterna sumatrana (ssp sumatrana), acc1; r2-4; ciS5
___, Ajisashi, (Common Tern), Sterna hirundo (ssp minussensis, longipennis), cM1-4; uM5-6
___, Kyoku-ajisashi, (Arctic Tern), Sterna paradisaea, acc2 (Ibaraki July 1996, Chiba & Shizuoka June 2003)
___, Kurohara-ajisashi, (Whiskered Tern), Chlidonias hybrida (ssp hybrida, javanicus), accM1; rM2-6
___, Hajiro-kurohara-ajisashi, (White-winged Tern), Chlidonias leucopterus, rM1-6
___, Hashiguro-kurohara-ajisashi, (Black Tern), Chlidonias niger (ssp niger), acc1-5
Tozoku-kamome-ka, (Skuas), Stercorariidae
___, O-tozoku-kamome, (South Polar Skua), Stercorarius maccormicki, acc1; rM2; acc3-4
___, Tozoku-kamome, (Pomarine Jaeger), Stercorarius pomarinus, cMW1-5
___, Kuro-tozoku-kamome, (Parasitic Jaeger), Stercorarius parasiticus, uM1-4; acc6
___, Shirohara-tozoku-kamome, (Long-tailed Jaeger), Stercorarius longicaudus (ssp pallescens), uM1-5
Umi-suzume-ka, (Auks), Alcidae
___, Hime-umisuzume, (Little Auk), Alle alle (ssp polaris), acc1-5
___, Hashibuto-umigarasu, (Thick-billed Murre), Uria lomvia (ssp arra), fW1-2
___, Umigarasu, (Common Murre), Uria aalge (ssp inornata), rS1; uW1-2
___, Ohashi-umigarasu, (Razorbill), Alca torda (ssp islandica), acc (Japan Sea, 1833)
___, Umibato, (Pigeon Guillemot), Cepphus columba (ssp snowi, kaiurka), uW1; rW2-3
___, Keimafuri, (Spectacled Guillemot), Cepphus carbo, riP1; uW2; acc3
___, Madara-umisuzume, (Long-billed Murrelet), Brachyramphus perdix, uW1-2; accW3-5
U__, Kobashi-umisuzume, (Kittlitz's Murrelet), Brachyramphus brevirostris, acc1
U__, Seguro-umisuzume, (Guadalupe Murrelet), Synthliboramphus hypoleucus, acc
___, Umisuzume, (Ancient Murrelet), Synthliboramphus antiquus (ssp antiquus, microrhynchos?), cW1-2; rW3-5
E__, Kammuri-umisuzume, (Japanese Murrelet), Synthliboramphus wumizusume, uW1-5; uiS3-5
U__, *Amerika-umisuzume, (Cassin's Auklet), Ptychoramphus aleuticus (ssp aleuticus), acc
___, Umiomu, (Parakeet Auklet), Aethia psittacula, rW1-2
___, Ko-umisuzume, (Least Auklet), Aethia pusilla, cW1-2; acc3-4
___, Shirahige-umisuzume, (Whiskered Auklet), Aethia pygmaea, rW1; accW2
___, Etorofu-umisuzume, (Crested Auklet), Aethia cristatella, cW1; accW2
___, Uto-u / Utou, (Rhinoceros Auklet), Cerorhinca monocerata, ciS1-2; cW1-3; uW4
___, Tsunomedori, (Horned Puffin), Fratercula corniculata, uP1; rW2
___, Etopirika, (Tufted Puffin), Fratercula cirrhata, rP1; rW2
PHAETHONTIFORMES
Nettaicho-ka, (Tropicbirds), Phaethontidae
___, Aka-o-nettaicho, (Red-tailed Tropicbird), Phaethon rubricauda (ssp melanorhynchos), acc2-4; uS5-6
___, Shira-o-nettaicho, (White-tailed Tropicbird), Phaethon lepturus (ssp dorotheae), acc2-5; uS6
GAVIIFORMES
Abi-ka, (Loons), Gaviidae
___, Abi, (Red-throated Loon), Gavia stellata, M1-2; uW3-5
___, Ohamu, (Black-throated Loon), Gavia arctica (ssp viridigularis), fW1-2; uW3-5
___, Shiroeri-ohamu, (Pacific Loon), Gavia pacifica, cW1-2; uW3-5; acc6
___, Hashiguro-abi, (Great Northern Loon), Gavia immer, acc1 (Wakkanai Apr 2003)
___, Hashijiro-abi, (Yellow-billed Loon), Gavia adamsii, rW1-2; accW3
PROCELLARIIFORMES
?-ka, (Austral Storm Petrels) Oceanitidae
___, Ashinaga-umitsubame, (Wilson's Storm Petrel), Oceanites oceanicus (ssp exasperatus), acc2-4
U__, Hime-ashinaga-umitsubame, (Grey-backed Storm Petrel), Garrodia nereis, acc
U__, Shirohara-umitsubame, (White-bellied Storm Petrel), Fregetta grallaria (ssp titan?), acc (Aug 2005)
Ahodori-ka, (Albatrosses), Diomedeidae
___, Ko-ahodori, (Laysan Albatross), Phoebastria immutabilis, cP1-6
___, Kuro-ashi-ahodori, (Black-footed Albatross), Phoebastria nigripes, cSuW1-4; cW5-6
___, Ahodori, (Short-tailed Albatross), Phoebastria albatrus, rW1-6 (breeds Torishima, Nakodojima & Senkaku Islands)
U__, Watari-ahodori, (Wandering Albatross), Diomedea exulans, acc
Umitsubame-ka, (Northern Storm Petrels), Hydrobatidae
U__, Ko-umitsubame, (Least Storm Petrel), Oceanodroma microsoma, acc
___, Kuro-koshijiro-umitsubame, (Band-rumped Storm Petrel), Oceanodroma castro, acc1; uS2-3; acc4-5
___, Hime-kuro-umitsubame, (Swinhoe's Storm Petrel), Oceanodroma monorhis, uS2-5
___, Koshijiro-umitsubame, (Leach's Storm Petrel), Oceanodroma leucorhoa (ssp leucorhoa), ciW1; uM2-6
___, Osuton-umitsubame, (Tristram's Storm Petrel), Oceanodroma tristrami, cS2-4; ciW2-6
___, Kuro-umitsubame, (Matsudaira's Storm Petrel), Oceanodroma matsudairae, acc2-5; ci6
___, Haiiro-umitsubame, (Fork-tailed Storm Petrel), Oceanodroma furcata (ssp furcata, plumbea), rMW1; acc2-6
Mizunagidori-ka, (Petrels and Shearwaters), Procellariidae
___, Furuma-kamome, (Northern Fulmar), Fulmarus glacialis (ssp rodgersii), cW1-2; acc3-4
U__, Madarafuruma-kamome, (Cape Petrel), Daption capense (ssp capense), acc2
___, Hajiro-mizunagidori, (Providence Petrel), Pterodroma solandri, rW1-2
U__, Usuhajiro-mizunagidori, (Murphy's Petrel), Pterodroma ultima, acc (1999)
U__, Bamyuda-mizunagidori, (Bermuda Petrel), Pterodroma cahow, acc
___, O-shirohara-mizunagidori, (Juan Fernandez Petrel), Pterodroma externa, acc2-5
___, Kawari-shirohara-mizunagidori, (Kermadec Petrel), Pterodroma neglecta (ssp neglecta), acc2-5 (autumn)
U__, Munafu-shirohara-mizunagidori, (Trindade Petrel), Pterodroma arminjoniana, acc (5-6 Sept 1998)
___, Hawai-shirohara-mizunagidori, (Hawaiian Petrel), Pterodroma sandwichensis, acc2
___, Madara-shirohara-mizunagidori, (Mottled Petrel), Pterodroma inexpectata, acc4 (Hiroshima June 1986)
U__, Kubiwa-o-shirohara-mizunagidori, (White-necked Petrel), Pterodroma cervicalis, acc5, regular (May–Oct) 6
___, Haguro-shirohara-mizunagidori, (Black-winged Petrel), Pterodroma nigripennis, acc1-2
___, Shirohara-mizunagidori, (Bonin Petrel), Pterodroma hypoleuca, acc1-5; fiW 6
U__, Hajiro-shirohara-mizunagidori, (Cook's Petrel), Pterodroma cookii, acc (Aug 2004)
___, Hime-shirohara-mizunagidori, (Stejneger's Petrel), Pterodroma longirostris, r2; acc3-5
___, O-mizunagidori, (Streaked Shearwater), Calonectris leucomelas, cS; u1; uW2-5
___, Onaga-mizunagidori, (Wedge-tailed Shearwater), Ardenna pacifica, acc2-5; ciP6
___, Minami-onaga-mizunagidori, (Buller's Shearwater), Ardenna bulleri, acc1-2
___, Haiiro-mizunagidori, (Sooty Shearwater), Ardenna grisea, cS1-5; uW2
___, Hashiboso-mizunagidori, (Short-tailed Shearwater), Ardenna tenuirostris, cMS1-5
___, Shirohara-akaashi-mizunagidori, (Pink-footed Shearwater), Ardenna creatopus, acc2 (Fukushima June 1980, Chiba Feb 1999 & June 2008)
___, Aka-ashi-mizunagidori, (Flesh-footed Shearwater), Ardenna carneipes, fM1-5
___, Ko-mizunagidori, (Christmas Shearwater), Puffinus nativitatis, acc2-3
___, *Mankusu-mizunagidori, (Manx Shearwater), Puffinus puffinus, acc3 (Mie May-July 2004)
___, Ogasawara-hime-mizunagidori, (Bryan's Shearwater), Puffinus bryani, acc6 (April 1997, Jan 2005) (breeds Higashijima)
___, *Hawai-seguro-mizunagidori, (Newell's Shearwater), Puffinus newelli, acc6 (Chichijima Nov 2006)
___, Seguro-mizunagidori, (Bannerman's Shearwater), Puffinus bannermani, acc2, 5; u6 (breeds)
U__, *Hime-mizunagidori, (Little Shearwater), Puffinus assimilis (ssp?), acc6
___, Anadori, (Bulwer's Petrel), Bulweria bulwerii, acc2-4; uS5; fP6
CICONIIFORMES
Konotori-ka, (Storks), Ciconiidae
___, Nabe-ko, (Black Stork), Ciconia nigra, acc1-5
___, Konotori, (Oriental Stork), Ciconia boyciana, rMW-5 (reintroduced Hyogo 2005)
SULIFORMES
Gunkandori-ka, (Frigatebirds), Fregatidae
U__, Shirohara-gunkandori, (Christmas Frigatebird), Fregata andrewsi, acc
___, O-gunkandori, (Great Frigatebird), Fregata minor (ssp minor), acc1-4; uS5-6
___, Ko-gunkandori, (Lesser Frigatebird), Fregata ariel (ssp ariel), acc1-2; rS3-5
Katsuodori-ka, (Gannets and Boobies), Sulidae
___, Aotsura-katsuodori, (Masked Booby), Sula dactylatra (ssp personata), acc2-4; uiS5-6
___, Aka-ashi-katsuodori, (Red-footed Booby), Sula sula (ssp rubripes), acc1-4; riS5; u6
___, Katsuodori, (Brown Booby), Sula leucogaster (ssp plotus), acc1-2; ciP3-6
U-ka, (Cormorants and Shags), Phalacrocoracidae
U__, Shirohara-kobito-u, (Little Pied Cormorant), Microcarbo melanoleucos (ssp melanoleucos), acc
___, Hime-u, (Pelagic Cormorant), Phalacrocorax pelagicus (ssp pelagicus), ciP1-2; fW3-4; acc5
___, Chishima-ugarasu, (Red-faced Cormorant), Phalacrocorax urile, ri1; acc2-3
___, Kawa-u, (Great Cormorant), Phalacrocorax carbo (ssp hanedae), rS1; ciP2-4; rW5-6
___, Umi-u, (Japanese Cormorant), Phalacrocorax capillatus, ciP1-4; r5-6
PELECANIFORMES
Toki-ka, (Ibises and Spoonbills), Threskiornithidae
___, Kuro-toki, (Black-headed Ibis), Threskiornis melanocephalus, acc1, 6; rW2-5
___, *Toki, (Crested Ibis), Nipponia nippon, (P1-5)
___, Buronzu-toki, (Glossy Ibis), Plegadis falcinellus, acc4-5 (Okinawa June 2012)
___, Herasagi, (Eurasian Spoonbill), Platalea leucorodia (ssp leucorodia), acc1-3, 6; rW4-5
___, Kurotsura-herasagi, (Black-faced Spoonbill), Platalea minor, rW1-5
Sagi-ka, (Herons and Bitterns), Ardeidae
___, Sankano-goi, (Eurasian Bittern), Botaurus stellaris (ssp stellaris), riS1-2; uiW3-6
___, Yoshi-goi, (Yellow Bittern), Ixobrychus sinensis, ciSrW1-4; uM5-6
___, O-yoshi-goi, (Von Schrenck's Bittern), Ixobrychus eurhythmus, uiS1-2; rM3-6
___, Ryukyu-yoshi-goi, (Cinnamon Bittern), Ixobrychus cinnamomeus, acc2-4; ciP5; acc6
___, Takasago-kuro-sagi, (Black Bittern), Dupetor flavicollis (ssp flavicollis), acc2-5
___, Mizo-goi, (Japanese Night Heron), Gorsachius goisagi, rWM1, 6; uiP2-5
___, Zuguro-mizo-goi, (Malayan Night Heron), Gorsachius melanolophus, acc4; ui5
___, Goi-sagi, (Black-crowned Night Heron), Nycticorax nycticorax (ssp nycticorax), rSM1; cP2-4; fP5-6
X__, Hashibuto-goi, (Nankeen Night Heron), Nycticorax caledonicus (ssp crassirostris), (P6)
___, Sasa-goi, (Striated Heron), Butorides striata (ssp amurensis), acc1; fS2-4; uMW4-6
___, Akagashira-sagi, (Chinese Pond Heron), Ardeola bacchus, rMS1-6
U__, Jawa-akagashira-sagi, (Javan Pond Heron), Ardeola speciosa (ssp?), acc
___, Ama-sagi, (Eastern Cattle Egret), Bubulcus coromandus, rS1; ciS2-4; ciW3-5; fP6
___, Ao-sagi, (Grey Heron), Ardea cinerea (ssp jouyi), ciP1-5; W6
___, Murasaki-sagi, (Purple Heron), Ardea purpurea (ssp manilensis), accS1-4; uiP5
___, Dai-sagi, (Great Egret), Ardea alba (ssp alba, modesta), rS1; uP2-4; fP6
___, Chu-sagi, (Intermediate Egret), Egretta intermedia (ssp intermedia), rS1; ciS2-4; uW2-6
___, Ko-sagi, (Little Egret), Egretta garzetta (ssp garzetta), rS1; cP2-4; W5; fP6
___, Kuro-sagi, (Pacific Reef Heron), Egretta sacra (ssp sacra), acc1; cP2-5
___, Kara-shira-sagi, (Chinese Egret), Egretta eulophotes, rM1-4; rMW5
Perikan-ka, (Pelicans), Pelecanidae
___, Momoiro-perikan, (Great White Pelican), Pelecanus onocrotalus, acc5
___, Hoshibashi-perikan, (Spot-billed Pelican), Pelecanus philippensis, acc5 (Amami Jul–Sept 2006)
___, Haiiro-perikan, (Dalmatian Pelican), Pelecanus crispus, acc2-5
ACCIPITRIFORMES
Misago-ka, (Ospreys), Pandionidae
___, Misago, (Western Osprey), Pandion haliaetus (ssp haliaetus), uiS1; ciP2-4; r5-6
Taka-ka, (Kites. Hawks and Eagles), Accipitridae
___, Kataguro-tobi, (Black-winged Kite), Elanus caeruleus (ssp vociferus), acc5
___, Hachi-kuma, (Crested Honey Buzzard), Pernis ptilorhynchus (ssp orientalis), rS1; uiS2; ciMrW3-4; rM5-6
___, Kuro-hagewashi, (Cinereous Vulture), Aegypius monachus, accW1-5
___, Kammuri-washi, (Crested Serpent Eagle), Spilornis cheela (ssp perplexus), fiP5
___, Kuma-taka, (Mountain Hawk-Eagle), Nisaetus nipalensis (ssp orientalis), uP1; fP2-4; acc5
___, Karafuto-washi, (Greater Spotted Eagle), Clanga clanga, acc1-5
U__, Sogen-washi, (Steppe Eagle), Aquila nipalensis (ssp nipalensis), acc; 22 Jan 2000 in Shizuoka
___, Katashiro-washi, (Eastern Imperial Eagle), Aquila heliaca, accMW1-5
___, Inu-washi, (Golden Eagle), Aquila chrysaetos (ssp japonica), acc1; riP2-4
___, Akahara-daka, (Chinese Sparrowhawk), Accipiter soloensis, uM1-2; ciM3-5; accM6
___, Tsumi, (Japanese Sparrowhawk), Accipiter gularis (ssp gularis, iwasakii), uS1-4; rWuM2-5; acc6
___, Hai-taka, (Eurasian Sparrowhawk), Accipiter nisus (ssp nisosimilis), rS1; fP2-4; uM5; acc6
___, O-taka, (Northern Goshawk), Accipiter gentilis (ssp albidus, schvedowi, fujiyamae), fP1-3; r4-5; acc6
___, Yoroppa-chuhi, (Western Marsh Harrier), Circus aeruginosus (ssp aeruginosus), acc3 (Yamaguchi Dec 1989)
___, Chuhi, (Eastern Marsh Harrier), Circus spilonotus, uS1-2; uW2-4; rW5; acc6
___, Haiiro-chuhi, (Hen Harrier), Circus cyaneus, uW1-2; rW3-5; acc6
U__, *Amerika-haiiro-chuhi, (Northern Harrier), Circus hudsonius, accW1-3
___, *Usu-haiiro-chuhi, (Pallid Harrier), Circus macrourus, acc2 (Chiba Dec 2008, Shizuoka Oct 2008, Kyoto Oct 2010)
___, Madara-chuhi, (Pied Harrier), Circus melanoleucos, rW1-5
U__, *Himehairo-chuhi, (Montagu's Harrier), Circus pygargus, acc
___, Tobi, (Black Kite), Milvus migrans (ssp lineatus), cP1-4; u5-6
U__, Shirogashira-tobi, (Brahminy Kite), Haliastur indus (ssp indus, intermedius?) acc (2014)
___, Ojiro-washi, (White-tailed Eagle), Haliaeetus albicilla (ssp albicilla), fWrS1; uW2; rW3-4; acc5-6
___, Hakuto-washi, (Bald Eagle), Haliaeetus leucocephalus (ssp washingtoniensis), acc1 (Kunashirito Isl. July 2001, Hokkaido January 2020, 21)
___, O-washi, (Steller's Sea Eagle), Haliaeetus pelagicus, ciW1; rW2-4; acc5
___, Sashiba, (Grey-faced Buzzard), Butastur indicus, accM1; fSM2-5; cW5; acc6
___, Keashi-nosuri, (Rough-legged Buzzard), Buteo lagopus (ssp menzbieri, kamtschatkensis), uW1-2; acc3-6
___, O-nosuri, (Upland Buzzard), Buteo hemilasius, acc1-5
___, Nosuri, (Eastern Buzzard), Buteo japonicus (ssp japonicus, toyoshimai, oshiroi), fS1; fP2-4; fMW5; uP6
STRIGIFORMES
Menfukuro-ka, (Barn Owls), Tytonidae
___, Higashi-menfukuro, (Eastern Grass Owl), Tyto longimembris (ssp chinensis, pithecops), acc5 (Iriomote May 1975)
Fukuro-ka, (Owls), Strigidae
___, O-konoha-zuku, (Japanese Scops Owl), Otus semitorques (ssp ussuriensis, semitorques, pryeri), uP1; fP2-5
___, Konoha-zuku, (Oriental Scops Owl), Otus sunia (ssp japonicus), uS1-4; rW3-4; M5
E__, Ryukyu-konoha-zuku, (Ryukyu Scops Owl), Otus elegans (ssp interpositus, elegans), ciP5
___, Shiro-fukuro, (Snowy Owl), Bubo scandiacus, rW1; accW2
___, Washi-mimizuku, (Eurasian Eagle-Owl), Bubo bubo (ssp kiautschensis, borissowi), rP1; acc3-5
___, Shima-fukuro, (Blakiston's Fish Owl), Bubo blakistoni (ssp blakistoni), riP1
___, Fukuro, (Ural Owl), Strix uralensis (ssp japonica, hondoensis, momiyamae, fuscescens), fP1-4
___, Kimme-fukuro, (Boreal Owl), Aegolius funereus (ssp magnus), rP1; acc2
___, Aoba-zuku, (Northern Boobook), Ninox japonica (ssp japonica, totogo), cS1-4; uW3-4; P5; acc6
___, Torafu-zuku, (Long-eared Owl), Asio otus (ssp otus), uS1-3; fW1-4; rW5-6
___, Komimi-zuku, (Short-eared Owl), Asio flammeus (ssp flammeus), uMW1; uW2-4; rW5-6
BUCEROTIFORMES
Yatsugashira-ka, (Hoopoes), Upupidae
___, Yatsugashira, (Eurasian Hoopoe), Upupa epops (ssp epops), rM1-6
CORACIIFORMES
Bupposo-ka, (Rollers), Coraciidae
___, Bupposo, (Oriental Dollarbird), Eurystomus orientalis (ssp cyanicollis), acc1; riS2-4; acc5-6
Kawasemi-ka, (Kingfishers), Alcedinidae
___, Aka-shobin, (Ruddy Kingfisher), Halcyon coromanda (ssp major, bangsi) uS1-4; cS5
___, Ao-shobin, (White-throated Kingfisher), Halcyon smyrnensis (ssp fokiensis) acc5 (Ishigaki Apr 1994, Iriomote Apr 1998)
___, Yama-shobin, (Black-capped Kingfisher), Halcyon pileata rM1-5; rW5
___, Nanyo-shobin, (Collared Kingfisher), Todiramphus chloris (ssp collaris) acc5
X__, Miyako-shobin, (Guam Kingfisher), Todiramphus cinnamominus (ssp miyakoensis) (E P5)
___, Kawa-semi, (Common Kingfisher), Alcedo atthis (ssp bengalensis) cS1; cP2-5; acc6
___, Mitsuyubi-kawasemi, (Oriental Dwarf Kingfisher), Ceyx erithaca (ssp erithaca) acc5 (Okinawa June 2006)
___, Yama-semi, (Crested Kingfisher), Megaceryle lugubris (ssp pallida, lugubris) uP1-4; acc5
Hachikui-ka, (Bee-eaters), Meropidae
___, Hachikui, (Rainbow Bee-eater), Merops ornatus, acc5 (old record July 1904)
PICIFORMES
Kitsutsuki-ka, (Woodpeckers), Picidae
___, Arisui, (Eurasian Wryneck), Jynx torquilla (ssp chinensis), uS1; uM2; uW3-4; acc5
___, Ko-gera, (Japanese Pygmy Woodpecker), Yungipicus kizuki (ssp seebohmi, nippon, shikokuensis, kizuki, matsudairai, kotataki, amamii, nigrescens, orii), cP1-5
___, Miyubi-gera, (Eurasian Three-toed Woodpecker), Picoides tridactylus (ssp inouyei), rP1
___, Ko-aka-gera, (Lesser Spotted Woodpecker), Dryobates minor (ssp amurensis), uP1; acc2
___, Chabara-aka-gera, (Rufous-bellied Woodpecker), Dendrocopos hyperthyrus (ssp subrufinus), accM1-2 (Hokkaido May 1993, Niigata May 2007, Hegurajima May 2005)
___, Aka-gera, (Great Spotted Woodpecker), Dendrocopos major (ssp brevirostris, japonicus) , cP1-3; acc4
E__, Noguchi-gera, (Okinawa Woodpecker), Dendrocopos noguchii, riP5
___, O-aka-gera, (White-backed Woodpecker), Dendrocopos leucotos (ssp subcirris, stejnegeri, namiyei, owstoni), uP1-5
X__, Kitataki, (White-bellied Woodpecker), Dryocopus javensis (ssp richardsi), (P4, last record 1920)
___, Kuma-gera, (Black Woodpecker), Dryocopus martius (ssp martius), uiP1; riP2
E__, Ao-gera, (Japanese Green Woodpecker), Picus awokera (ssp awokera, horii, takatsukasae), fP2-4
___, Yama-gera, (Grey-headed Woodpecker), Picus canus (ssp jessoensis), fP1; acc2
FALCONIFORMES
Hayabusa-ka, (Caracaras and Falcons), Falconidae
___, Hime-chogembo, (Lesser Kestrel), Falco naumanni, acc4-5
___, Chogembo, (Common Kestrel), Falco tinnunculus (ssp perpallidus, interstinctus), uW1-5; rS1-3; rW6
___, Aka-ashi-chogembo, (Amur Falcon), Falco amurensis, accM1-5
___, Ko-chogembo, (Merlin), Falco columbarius (ssp insignis, pacificus), uW1-5
___, Chigo-hayabusa, (Eurasian Hobby), Falco subbuteo (ssp subbuteo), fS1-2; uM2-4; rW3-4; acc5-6
___, Wakisuji-hayabusa, (Saker Falcon), Falco cherrug (ssp coatsi?), acc5 (Miyakojima Jan 2008)
___, Shiro-hayabusa, (Gyrfalcon), Falco rusticolus, rW1; accW2-4
___, Hayabusa, (Peregrine Falcon), Falco peregrinus (ssp pealei, anatum, japonensis), uP1-3; uW4-6
PSITTACIFORMES
Inko-ka?, (African and New World Parrots), Psittacidae
___, Okina-inko, (Monk Parakeet), Myiopsitta monachus (ssp?), F 3 (Hyogo)
-ka?, (Old World Parrots) Psittaculidae
___, Daruma-inko, (Red-breasted Parakeet), Psittacula alexandri (ssp fasciata), F (casual breeder)
___, O-honsei-inko, (Alexandrine Parakeet), Psittacula eupatria (ssp eupatria?), F (casual breeder)
___, Honsei-inko, (Rose-ringed Parakeet), Psittacula krameri (ssp manillensis), F fiP3-4
___, Sekisei-inko, (Budgerigar), Melopsittacus undulatus, F fP3-5
PASSERIFORMES
Yairocho-ka, (Pittas), Pittidae
___, Zuguro-yairocho, (Hooded Pitta), Pitta sordida (ssp cucullata), accS5 (Ishigaki June 1984)
___, Yairocho, (Fairy Pitta), Pitta nympha, riS3-4; acc1-2, 5
Mori-tsubame-ka, (Woodswallows, Butcherbirds and allies), Artamidae
___, Mori-tsubame, (White-breasted Woodswallow), Artamus leucorynchus (ssp leucorhynchus), acc3-5 (Shimane Apr 2000, Mishima Apr 1999, Iriomote Apr 1973 & Mar 1986)
Sanshokui-ka, (Cuckooshrikes), Campephagidae
___, Sanshokui, (Ashy Minivet), Pericrocotus divaricatus, rS1; fiS2-4; rM5-6
E__, Ryukyu-sanshokui, (Ryukyu Minivet), Pericrocotus tegimae, fP4-5
___, Asakura-sanshokui, (Black-winged Cuckooshrike), Lalage melaschistos (ssp intermedia), accW3-5
Mozu-ka, (Shrikes), Laniidae
___, Chigo-mozu, (Tiger Shrike), Lanius tigrinus, accS1; riS2-4; rM5
___, Mozu, (Bull-headed Shrike), Lanius bucephalus (ssp bucephalus), cSrW1-2; cP3-5
___, Aka-mozu, (Brown Shrike), Lanius cristatus (ssp cristatus, confusus, lucionensis, superciliosus), uS1-3; uM4-5; rW5
___, Seaka-mozu, (Red-backed Shrike), Lanius collurio, acc4-5
___, Moko-akamozu, (Isabelline Shrike), Lanius isabellinus (ssp isabellinus), acc4-5 (Hegurajima May 2008, Miyazaki Jan 2005, Okinawa Feb 2003)
___, Takasago-mozu, (Long-tailed Shrike), Lanius schach (ssp schach), acc2-5
___, O-mozu, (Northern Shrike), Lanius borealis (ssp mollis, bianchii, sibiricus), uW1; accW2-4
___, O-kara-mozu, (Chinese Grey Shrike), Lanius sphenocercus (ssp sphenocercus), accW1-5
Korai-uguisu-ka, (Figbirds and Orioles), Oriolidae
___, Korai-uguisu, (Black-naped Oriole), Oriolus chinensis (ssp diffusus), rM1-5
Ochu-ka, (Drongos), Dicruridae
___, Ochu, (Black Drongo), Dicrurus macrocercus (ssp cathoecus), accM1-5
___, Haiiro-ochu, (Ashy Drongo), Dicrurus leucophaeus (ssp leucogenis), accMW2-5
___, Kammuri-ochu, (Hair-crested Drongo), Dicrurus hottentottus (ssp brevirostris), accM2-5
Kasasagi-hitaki-ka, (Monarchs), Monarchidae
___, Kuroeri-hitaki, (Black-naped Monarch), Hypothymis azurea (ssp oberholseri?), acc5 (Yonaguni Apr 2008)
___, Sankocho, (Japanese Paradise Flycatcher), Terpsiphone atrocaudata (ssp atrocaudata, illex), acc1; uiS2-4; cS5
Karasu-ka, (Crows and Jays), Corvidae
___, Kakesu, (Eurasian Jay), Garrulus glandarius (ssp brandtii, japonicus, tokugawae, orii), cP1-4
E__, Ruri-kakesu, (Lidth's Jay), Garrulus lidthi, cP5 (Amami-Oshima, Kakeromajima, Ukeshima)
___, Onaga, (Azure-winged Magpie), Cyanopica cyanus (ssp japonica), ciP2-3; ( r4, Kyushu old records)
___, Yamamusume, (Taiwan Blue Magpie), Urocissa caerulea, F 3 (Hyogo)
___, Kasasagi, (Oriental Magpie), Pica serica, ui1-3 (some F); ciP4
___, Hoshi-garasu, (Spotted Nutcracker), Nucifraga caryocatactes (ssp macrorhychos, japonica), uP1-3; r4
___, Nishi-kokumaru-garasu, (Western Jackdaw), Coloeus monedula (ssp soemmerringii), acc1, 4 (Kiritappu Dec 1996, Teurito I. Apr 1986, Kumamoto Nov 2010)
___, Kokumaru-garasu, (Daurian Jackdaw), Coloeus dauuricus, accW1; rW2-3; ciW4; acc5
___, Miyama-garasu, (Rook), Corvus frugilegus (ssp pastinator), rW1-3, 5; ciMW4; acc6
___, Hashiboso-garasu, (Carrion Crow), Corvus corone (ssp orientalis), cP1-4; acc5-6
___, *Zukin-garasu, (Hooded Crow), Corvus cornix, acc6 (Yonaguni Island, May 2010)
___, Hashibuto-garasu, (Large-billed Crow), Corvus macrorhynchos (ssp japonensis, connectens, osai, mandshuricus), cP1-5
___, Watari-garasu, (Northern Raven), Corvus corax (ssp kamtschaticus), uW1; accW2
Renjaku-ka, (Waxwings), Bombycillidae
___, Ki-renjaku, (Bohemian Waxwing), Bombycilla garrulus (ssp garrulus), fW1; uW2-4; rW5-6
___, Hi-renjaku, (Japanese Waxwing), Bombycilla japonica, uMW1-4; rW5-6
Shijukara-ka, (Tits and Chickadees), Paridae
___, Hi-gara, (Coal Tit), Periparus ater (ssp ater, insularis) fP1-4
___, Kibara-gara, (Yellow-bellied Tit), Pardaliparus venustulus, acc3-4 (Hegurajima Apr 2010, Fukuoka Dec 2009, Chiba Dec 2015)
___, Yama-gara, (Varied Tit), Sittiparus varius (ssp sunsunpi, namiyei, amamii, orii), uP1-2; cP3-5
___, Osuton-yama-gara (Owston's Tit), Sittaparus owstoni, cP3 (s. Izu Islands)
___, Orii-yama-gara (Iriomote Tit), Sittaparus olivaceus, cP5 (Ishigake & Iriomote Islands)
___, Hashibuto-gara, (Marsh Tit), Poecile palustris (ssp hensoni), fP1
___, Ko-gara, (Willow Tit), Poecile montanus (ssp sachalinensis, restrictus), uP1; cP2-4
___, Ruri-gara, (Azure Tit), Cyanistes cyanus (ssp yenisseensis), acc1 (Rishirito I. Nov 1987)
___, Shiju-kara, (Japanese Tit), Parus minor (ssp minor, amamiensis, okinawae, nigriloris), cP1-5
Tsurisu-gara-ka, (Penduline Tits), Remizidae
___, Tsurisu-gara, (Chinese Penduline Tit), Remiz consobrinus, uW2-5
Higegara-ka, (Bearded Reedling), Panuridae
___, Higegara, (Bearded Reedling), Panurus biarmicus (ssp russicus), acc2-4
Hibari-ka, (Larks), Alaudidae
U__, Taiwan-hibari, (Oriental Skylark), Alauda gulgula (ssp coelivox, wattersi, wolfei?), acc5
___, Hibari, (Eurasian Skylark), Alauda arvensis (ssp pekinensis, lonnbergi, japonica), fSM1; cSM2; cP3-4; uW5
___, Hama-hibari, (Horned Lark), Eremophila alpestris (ssp flava), rMW1-4
___, Hime-kotenshi, (Greater Short-toed Lark), Calandrella brachydactyla (ssp longipennis), rM1-5
___, Kubiwa-kotenshi, (Bimaculated Lark), Melanocorypha bimaculata, accW3-5
___, Kotenshi, (Mongolian Lark), Melanocorypha mongolica, acc1-5 (Teurito I. May 2005, Tobishima Nov 2011, Zamamamijima Mar 2012)
___, Ko-hibari, (Asian Short-toed Lark), Alaudala cheleensis (ssp cheleensis), acc1-5
Hiyodori-ka, (Bulbuls), Pycnonotidae
___, Kouraun, (Red-whiskered Bulbul), Pycnonotus jocosus (ssp jocosus?), F2
___, Shirogashira, (Light-vented Bulbul), Pycnonotus sinensis (ssp sinensis, orii), acc2-4 (some F); ciP5
U__, Kuro-hiyodori, (Black Bulbul), Hypsipetes leucocephalus (ssp leucocephalus), acc5
___, Hiyodori, (Brown-eared Bulbul), Hypsipetes amaurotis (ssp amaurotis, matchiae, ogawae, pryeri, stejnegeri, squamiceps, magnirostris, borodinonis), cSuW1; cP2-6
Tsubame-ka, (Swallows and Martins), Hirundinidae
___, Taiwan-shodo-tsubame, (Grey-throated Martin), Riparia chinensis (ssp chinensis), acc5 (Okinawa Nov 1999, Yonaguni May 2000 & Apr 2008, Haterumajima Mar 2010)
___, Shodo-tsubame, (Sand Martin), Riparia riparia (ssp ijimae), ciS1; uM2-5; accM6
___, Midori-tsubame, (Tree Swallow), Tachycineta bicolor, acc1 (Cape Erinomisaki Oct 1962)
___, Tsubame, (Barn Swallow), Hirundo rustica (ssp gutturalis, saturata), uS1; cS2-4; rW3-6
___, Ryukyu-tsubame, (Pacific Swallow), Hirundo tahitica (ssp namiyei), acc3-4; ciP5
U__, Chairo-tsubame, (Eurasian Crag Martin), Ptyonoprogne rupestris, acc
___, Nishi-iwa-tsubame, (Common House Martin), Delichon urbicum (ssp lagopodum), acc1-5
___, Iwa-tsubame, (Asian House Martin), Delichon dasypus (ssp dasypus), ciS1-3; uiS4; riW3-4; rM5-6
___, Koshiaka-tsubame, (Red-rumped Swallow), Cecropis daurica (ssp japonica), rS1; uiS2; fS3-4; rW4; rM5
Uguisu-ka, (Cettia Bush Warblers and allies), Cettiidae
___, Uguisu, (Japanese Bush Warbler), Horornis diphone (ssp riukiuensis, cantans, restrictus, diphone), cS1; cP2-6
___, Chosen-uguisu, (Manchurian Bush Warbler), Horornis canturians (ssp borealis?), accM1-2; rM3-5
___, Yabusame, (Asian Stubtail), Urosphena squameiceps, fS1-4; fM3-6; fW4-5; acc6
Enaga-ka, (Bushtits), Aegithalidae
___, Enaga, (Long-tailed Tit), Aegithalos caudatus (ssp caudatus, trivirgatus, kiusiuensis, magnus), cP1-4
Mushikui-ka, (Leaf Warblers and allies), Phylloscopidae
___, Mori-mushikui, (Wood Warbler), Phylloscopus sibilatrix, accM1-3 (Hokkaido Oct 1991, Tobishima Oct 2006, Hegurajima Oct 1984, etc.)
U__, Bafu-mayu-mushikui, (Hume's Leaf Warbler), Phylloscopus humei (ssp mandellii?), acc (island in Japan Sea)
___, Kimayu-mushikui, (Yellow-browed Warbler), Phylloscopus inornatus, rM1-6; uM2rW2
___, Karafuto-mushikui, (Pallas's Leaf Warbler), Phylloscopus proregulus, accM1-5; uM2 (islands in Japan Sea)
U__, Moko-muji-sekka, (Yellow-streaked Warbler), Phylloscopus armandii (ssp armandii?), acc
___, Karafuto-muji-sekka, (Radde's Warbler), Phylloscopus schwarzi, accM1-5; uM2 (islands in Japan Sea)
___, Kibara-mushikui, (Tickell's Leaf Warbler), Phylloscopus affinis (ssp affinis), acc2 (Hegurajima May 1995; may refer to Alpine Leaf Warbler, P. occisinensis)
___, Muji-sekka, (Dusky Warbler), Phylloscopus fuscatus (ssp fuscatus), acc1-5; uM2 (islands in Japan Sea)
___, Kita-yanagi-mushikui, (Willow Warbler), Phylloscopus trochilus (ssp yakutensis), accM3-4
___, Chifuchafu, (Common Chiffchaff), Phylloscopus collybita (ssp tristis), accM2-5
___, Sendai-mushikui, (Eastern Crowned Warbler), Phylloscopus coronatus, cS1-4; cM2-5; rW4-5
___, Iijima-mushikui, (Ijima's Leaf Warbler), Phylloscopus ijimae, ciS3 (Izu & Takara Isl); rM2-5
___, Yanagi-mushikui, (Two-barred Warbler), Phylloscopus plumbeitarsus, acc2 (Hegurajima May 2001)
___, Ezo-mushikui, (Sakhalin Leaf Warbler), Phylloscopus borealoides, ciS1-4; uM2-5
U__, Amuru-mushikui, (Pale-legged Leaf Warbler), Phylloscopus tenellipes, acc (rM2-5?)
___, Meboso-mushikui, (Japanese Leaf Warbler), Phylloscopus xanthodryas, fMS2-4; uM5
___, O-mushikui, (Kamchatka Leaf Warbler), Phylloscopus examinandus, fMS1; uM2-5
___, Ko-mushikui, (Arctic Warbler), Phylloscopus borealis, rM2-3; rW5
U__, Mayuguro-mushikui, (Sulphur-breasted Warbler), Phylloscopus ricketti, acc
U__, Hime-sendai-mushikui (?), (Claudia's Leaf Warbler), Phylloscopus claudiae, acc
Yoshikiri-ka, (Reed Warblers and allies), Acrocephalidae
___, O-yoshikiri, (Oriental Reed Warbler), Acrocephalus orientalis, uS1; cSM2-4; cMuW5; acc6
___, Ko-yoshikiri, (Black-browed Reed Warbler), Acrocephalus bistrigiceps, cSM1-4; rMW5
___, *Suge-yoshikiri, (Sedge Warbler), Acrocephalus schoenobaenus, acc (Tsushima Sept 2012, Hokkaido Sept 2016)
___, Sesuji-ko-yoshikiri, (Speckled Reed Warbler), Acrocephalus sorghophilus, acc5 (Yonaguni Oct 2002)
U__, Ko-bane-yoshikiri, (Blunt-winged Warbler), Acrocephalus concinens (ssp concinens?), acc
___, Inada-yoshikiri, (Paddyfield Warbler), Acrocephalus agricola (ssp agricola), acc2 (Miyagi Nov 2005 & Oct 2010, Hegurajima May 1992)
___, Yabu-yoshikiri, (Blyth's Reed Warbler), Acrocephalus dumetorum, acc1-5 (Hokkaido Oct 1999, Hegurajima Oct 2007, Kumejima May 2000)
___, Hashibuto-o-yoshikiri, (Thick-billed Warbler), Arundinax aedon (ssp rufescens), acc2-3 (Nagano May 1927, Shizuoka Feb 1997, Hegurajima Sept 2004 & May 2008)
___, Hime-utai-mushikui, (Booted Warbler), Iduna caligata, acc2-5 (Hegurajima Sept 1999 & Sept 2010, Tairajima Oct 2009)
U__, *Kiiroutai-mushikui, (Icterine Warbler), Hippolais icterina, acc
Sennyu-ka, (Grassbirds and allies), Locustellidae
___, Ezo-sennyu, (Sakhalin Grasshopper Warbler), Helopsaltes amnicola, ciS1; uM2-5
U__, ?-sennyu, (Gray's Grasshopper Warbler), Helopsaltes fasciolatus,
___, O-sekka, (Marsh Grassbird), Helopsaltes pryeri (ssp pryeri), ciS2; uW2-4
___, Shiberia-sennyu, (Pallas's Grasshopper Warbler), Helopsaltes certhiola (ssp rubescens), accM1-5
___, Uchiyama-sennyu, (Styan's Grasshopper Warbler), Helopsaltes pleskei, rS2-4; rM5
___, Shima-sennyu, (Middendorff's Grasshopper Warbler), Helopsaltes ochotensis, cS1; uM2-5
___, Makino-sennyu, (Lanceolated Warbler), Locustella lanceolata (ssp hendersonii), ciS1; uiSM2-5
U__, Baikaru-ogi-sekka , (Baikal Bush Warbler), Locustella davidi (ssp davidi), acc1, 4?
Sekka-ka, (Cisticolas and allies), Cisticolidae
___, Sekka, (Zitting Cisticola), Cisticola juncidis (ssp brunniceps), uiS2; cP3-5; acc6
U__, Mamiha-uchiwadori, (Plain Prinia), Prinia inornata (ssp extensicauda, flavirostris?), acc5? (Tokashiki, Okinawa, 1987; possibly escapee)
Chimedori-ka, (Laughingthrushes), Leiothrichidae
___, Soshicho, (Red-billed Leiothrix), Leiothrix lutea (ssp lutea), F uPi2-4
U__, Mimijiro-chimedori, (White-eared Sibia), Heterophasia auricularis, acc
___, Gabicho, (Chinese Hwamei), Garrulax canorus (ssp canorus?), F uPi2-4
___, Hige-gabicho, (Moustached Laughingthrush), Ianthocincla cineracea (ssp cinereiceps), F 4 (Ehime, Kochi)
___, Kaojiro-gabicho, (White-browed Laughingthrush), Pterorhinus sannio (ssp sannio?), F 2 (Gunma, Ibaraki, Chiba)
___, Kaoguro-gabicho, (Masked Laughingthrush), Pterorhinus perspicillatus, F 2 (Tokyo, Gunma, Kanagawa)
Zuguro-mushikui-ka, (Sylviid Babblers), Sylviidae
___, Ko-nodojiro-mushikui, (Lesser Whitethroat), Sylvia curruca (ssp currica) acc1-4
U__, Daruma-enaga, (Vinous-throated Parrotbill), Sinosuthora webbiana (ssp fulvicauda?), acc2
Mejiro-ka, (White-eyes), Zosteropidae
E__, Meguro, (Bonin White-eye), Apalopteron familiare (ssp familiare, hahasima), ciP6
___, Chosen-mejiro, (Chestnut-flanked White-eye), Zosterops erythropleurus, accM1-5
___, Mejiro, (Warbling White-eye), Zosterops japonicus (ssp japonicus, stejnegeri, alani, insularis, loochooensis, daitoensis), uiS1; cP2-6
Kiku-itadaki-ka, (Goldcrests and Kinglets), Regulidae
___, Kiku-itadaki, (Goldcrest), Regulus regulus (ssp japonensis), ciP1-2; cW2-5
Misosazai-ka, (Wrens), Troglodytidae
___, Misosazai, (Eurasian Wren), Troglodytes troglodytes (ssp dauricus, fumigatus, mosukei, ogawae), fP1-4; accW5
Goju-kara-ka, (Nuthatches), Sittidae
___, Goju-kara, (Eurasian Nuthatch), Sitta europaea (ssp asiatica, amurensis, roseilia), ciP1-4
Kibashiri-ka, (Treecreepers), Certhiidae
___, Kibashiri, (Eurasian Treecreeper), Certhia familiaris (ssp daurica, japonica), uiP1-3; rP4
Mukudori-ka, (Starlings and Rhabdornis), Sturnidae
U__, Midori-karasu-modoki, (Asian Glossy Starling), Aplonis panayensis (ssp panayensis?), acc5
___, Hakkacho, (Crested Myna), Acridotheres cristatellus (ssp cristatellus), F 2-4
___, Mori-hakka, (Javan Myna), Acridotheres javanicus, F 2, 5 (Tokyo, Yonaguni)
___, Haiiro-hakka, (Bank Myna), Acridotheres ginginianus, F 2 (Tokyo)
___, Indo-hakka, (Common Myna), Acridotheres tristis (ssp tristis), F 2, 5 (Chiba, Kanagawa, Ishigaki)
___, Gin-mukudori, (Red-billed Starling), Spodiopsar sericeus, accM1-6; rW5
___, Mukudori, (White-cheeked Starling), Spodiopsar cineraceus, cS1; cP2-3; fP4; uW5-6
___, Hojiro-mukudori, (Pied Myna), Gracupica contra (ssp floweri?), F 2 (Tokyo)
___, Shiberia-mukudori, (Daurian Starling), Agropsar sturninus, acc1-5
___, Ko-mukudori, (Chestnut-cheeked Starling), Agropsar philippensis, cS1-2; ciS3; fM4-5; acc6
___, Kara-mukudori, (White-shouldered Starling), Sturnia sinensis, accW2-6
___, Barairo-mukudori, (Rosy Starling), Pastor roseus, accW2-4, 6; rW5
___, Hoshi-mukudori, (Common Starling), Sturnus vulgaris (ssp poltaratskyi), acc1-3; rW4-5; acc6
Tsugumi-ka, (Thrushes), Turdidae
___, Mamijiro, (Siberian Thrush), Geokichla sibirica (ssp davisoni), uiS1-2; uM3-5
___, Tora-tsugumi, (White's Thrush), Zoothera aurea (ssp toratugumi), cS1-2; fP3-4, 6; uW5
E__, O-tora-tsugumi, (Amami Thrush), Zoothera major, riP5 (Amami-Oshima & Kakeromajima)
___, Ko-tora-tsugumi, (Scaly Thrush), Zoothera dauma (ssp iriomotensis), r6 (Iriomote, latest record 1984)
X__, Ogasawara-gabicho, (Bonin Thrush), Zoothera terrestris, (E P6)
___, Haiiro-cha-tsugumi, (Grey-cheeked Thrush), Catharus minimus (ssp minimus), accW2 (Hegurajima Oct 2004)
___, Kara-akahara, (Grey-backed Thrush), Turdus hortulorum, accM1-5
___, Kuro-tsugumi, (Japanese Thrush), Turdus cardis, fS1-2; uiS3-4; fM3-5; rW5
___, Kuro-utadori, (Chinese Blackbird), Turdus mandarinus (ssp mandarinus), acc1-5
___, Mami-chajinai, (Eyebrowed Thrush), Turdus obscurus, uM1; fM2-4; rW5-6
___, Shirohara, (Pale Thrush), Turdus pallidus, cM1-2; cW2-5; uW6
___, Akahara, (Brown-headed Thrush), Turdus chrysolaus (ssp orii, chrysolaus), cS1-2; uS3; cM1-5; cW3-5; uW6
E__, Akakokko, (Izu Thrush), Turdus celaenops, ciP3 (Izu & Tokara Islands); uW2-4
___, Nodoguro-tsugumi, (Black-throated Thrush), Turdus atrogularis, accMW1-5
___, Nodoaka-tsugumi, (Red-throated Thrush), Turdus ruficollis, accMW1-5
___, Hachijo-tsugumi, (Naumann's Thrush), Turdus naumanni, uMW1-5
___, Tsugumi, (Dusky Thrush), Turdus eunomus, cMW1-6
___, Nohara-tsugumi, (Fieldfare), Turdus pilaris, accMW1-3
___, Wakiaka-tsugumi, (Redwing), Turdus iliacus (ssp iliacus), accMW1-5
U__, Uta-tsugumi, (Song Thrush), Turdus philomelos (ssp nataliae), acc? (1987 record may be of Chinese Thrush, T. mupinensis)
___, Yadorigi-tsugumi, (Mistle Thrush), Turdus viscivorus (ssp bonapartei), accW2-4 (Aichi Feb 1984, Hegurajima Oct 1999, Fukuoka Nov 1998)
Hitaki-ka, (Chats and Old World Flycatchers), Muscicapidae
___, Munafu-hitaki, (Spotted Flycatcher), Muscicapa striata (ssp mongola), acc2 (Hegurajima, Sept 2004)
___, Ezo-bitaki, (Grey-streaked Flycatcher), Muscicapa griseisticta, uSM1-2; uM3-5
___, Same-bitaki, (Dark-sided Flycatcher), Muscicapa sibirica (ssp sibirica), fiS1-3; uM3-4; rM5-6
___, Ko-same-bitaki, (Asian Brown Flycatcher), Muscicapa dauurica (ssp dauurica), fScM1-4; uM5
___, Miyama-hitaki, (Ferruginous Flycatcher), Muscicapa ferruginea, accM3-5
U__, Ko-chabara-oruri, (Rufous-bellied Niltava), Niltava sundara (ssp denotata?), acc
___, *Chabara-oruri, (Vivid Niltava), Niltava vivida (ssp vivida), acc5 (Okinawa May 1989, Yonaguni Mar 1998)
___, Oruri, (Blue-and-white Flycatcher), Cyanoptila cyanomelana (ssp intermedia?, cyanomelana), cS1-4; cM1-5; uM6
___, Chosen-oruri, (Zappey's Flycatcher), Cyanoptila cumatilis, acc4 (Kuroshima I. Sept 1997)
___, Rokusho-hitaki, (Verditer Flycatcher), Eumyias thalassinus (ssp thalassinus, thalassoides?) acc5 (Ishigaki Mar 2011)
___, Yoroppa-komadori, (European Robin), Erithacus rubecula (ssp tataricus), acc1-2
___, Ko-bane-hitaki, (Chinese Shortwing), Brachypteryx sinensis, acc? (28 Apr 2000, Hegurajima; may have been escapee)
___, Ko-ruri, (Siberian Blue Robin), Larvivora cyane (ssp bochaiensis, nechaevi?), uiS1-2; fS3-4; uM5
___, Shima-goma, (Rufous-tailed Robin), Larvivora sibilans, rM1-5
E__, Akahige, (Ryukyu Robin), Larvivora komadori (ssp komadori, namiyei), acc4; cP5
___, Komadori, (Japanese Robin), Larvivora akahige (ssp akahige, tanensis), fiS1-4; uW4-5
___, Ogawa-komadori, (Bluethroat), Luscinia svecica (ssp svevica), accMW1-6
___, No-goma, (Siberian Rubythroat), Calliope calliope (ssp camtschatkensis), cS1; uS2; uM2-6; uW5; accW6
U__, Kon-hitaki, (White-tailed Robin), Myiomela leucura (ssp montium), acc4? (1 record Danjo Isls; escapee?)
___, Ruri-bitaki, (Red-flanked Bluetail), Tarsiger cyanurus, cMS1-4; uW3-6
___, Madara-hitaki, (European Pied Flycatcher), Ficedula hypoleuca (ssp sibirica), accM2-3 (Miyagi Oct 2007, Hegurajima Oct 1991 & Sept 2007)
___, Mamijiro-ki-bitaki, (Yellow-rumped Flycatcher), Ficedula zanthopygia, accM1; rM2-4; accM5
___, Ki-bitaki, (Narcissus Flycatcher), Ficedula narcissina (ssp narcissina, owstoni), cSfM1-4; P5; accM6
U__, Kimune-bitaki, (Green-backed Flycatcher), Ficedula elisae, acc2-3
___, Mugimaki, (Mugimaki Flycatcher), Ficedula mugimaki, rM1-5
U__, Nishi-ojiro-bitaki, (Red-breasted Flycatcher), Ficedula parva, acc3-4
___, Ojiro-bitaki, (Taiga Flycatcher), Ficedula albicilla, rM1-5
___, Seaka-jo-bitaki, (Eversmann's Redstart), Phoenicurus erythronotus, acc1 (Rishirito I. Oct 2000)
___, Kuro-jo-bitaki, (Black Redstart), Phoenicurus ochruros (ssp rufiventris), acc1-5
___, Shirobitai-jo-bitaki, (Common Redstart), Phoenicurus phoenicurus (ssp phoenicurus), acc2 (Hegurajima Nov 1998)
___, Jo-bitaki, (Daurian Redstart), Phoenicurus auroreus (ssp auroreus), cMW1-5; rW6
U__, Ruribitai-jo-bitaki, (Blue-fronted Redstart), Phoenicurus frontalis, acc2 (Tobishima May 2011)
U__, Kawa-bitaki, (Plumbeous Water Redstart), Phoenicurus fuliginosus (ssp affinis), acc
U__, Koshijiro-isohiyodori, (Common Rock Thrush), Monticola saxatilis, acc3
___, Isohiyodori, (Blue Rock Thrush), Monticola solitarius (ssp pandoo, philippensis), uiS1; cP2-6
___, Hime-isohiyo, (White-throated Rock Thrush), Monticola gularis, acc2-3
___, Mamijiro-no-bitaki, (Whinchat), Saxicola rubetra, acc2-5 (Hegurajima Sept 2009, Okinawa Sept 1998)
U__, O-nobitaki, (White-throated Bush Chat), Saxicola insignis, acc
___, No-bitaki, (Stejneger's Stonechat), Saxicola stejnegeri, cS1; fS2-3; fM4; fW5; accW6
___, Kuro-no-bitaki, (Pied Bush Chat), Saxicola caprata (ssp caprata?), accMW5
___, Yamazaki-hitaki, (Grey Bush Chat), Saxicola ferreus (ssp haringtoni), acc2 (Sea of Japan islands), 5
___, Hashiguro-hitaki, (Northern Wheatear), Oenanthe oenanthe (ssp oenanthe), accM1-6
___, Inaba-hitaki, (Isabelline Wheatear), Oenanthe isabellina, accMW1-5
___, Sabaku-hitaki, (Desert Wheatear), Oenanthe deserti (ssp oreophila), accMW2-6
___, Kuromimi-hitaki, (Black-eared Wheatear), Oenanthe hispanica (ssp melanoleuca), acc2 (Hegurajima Nov 2004)
___, Seguro-sabaku-hitaki, (Pied Wheatear), Oenanthe pleschanka, accM1-3
Kawagarasu-ka, (Dippers), Cinclidae
___, Kawagarasu, (Brown Dipper), Cinclus pallasii (ssp pallasii), fP1-4; acc5
Suzume-ka, (Old World Sparrows and Snowfinches), Passeridae
___, Ie-suzume, (House Sparrow), Passer domesticus (ssp domesticus), acc1-3
___, Nyunai-suzume, (Russet Sparrow), Passer cinnamomeus (ssp rutilans), uiS1-2; uW3-4; rW5
___, Suzume, (Eurasian Tree Sparrow), Passer montanus (ssp saturatus), cP1-5
Hataoridori-ka, (Weavers and Widowbirds), Ploceidae
___, Men-hataoridori, (Lesser Masked Weaver), Ploceus intermedius (ssp?), F 2 (Chiba)
___, O-kinrancho, (Southern Red Bishop), Euplectes orix, F 3-4 (Shizuoka, Kyoto)
Kaedecho-ka, (Waxbills, Munias and allies), Estrildidae
___, Hoaka-kaedecho, (Orange-cheeked Waxbill), Estrilda melpoda, F 2 (Tokyo)
___, Kaedecho, (Black-rumped Waxbill), Estrilda troglodytes, F 2 (Tokyo)
___, Benisuzume, (Red Avadavat), Amandava amandava (ssp?), F cP2-4
___, Koshijiro-kinpara, (White-rumped Munia), Lonchura striata (ssp swinhoei), F ciP5 (Okinawa)
___, Shima-kinpara, (Scaly-breasted Munia), Lonchura punctulata (ssp topela), F ciP5
___, Ginpara, (Tricolored Munia), Lonchura malacca, F 2, 5 (Tokyo, Hyogo, Okinawa, Miyako)
___, Kinpara, (Chestnut Munia), Lonchura atricapilla (ssp atricapilla, formosana?), F ciP2-5
___, Hekicho, (White-headed Munia), Lonchura maja, F 2, 4 (Tokyo, Hyogo, Tokushima)
___, Buncho, (Java Sparrow), Lonchura oryzivora, F ciP2-4 (Tokyo, Hyogo, Osaka, Fukuoka)
Tennincho-ka, (Indigobirds and Whydahs), Viduidae
___, Hoojaku, (Long-tailed Paradise Whydah), Vidua paradisaea, F 2 (Tokyo)
Iwahibari-ka, (Accentors), Prunellidae
___, Iwahibari, (Alpine Accentor), Prunella collaris (ssp erythropygia), acc1; ciP2-3; rW4
___, Yamahibari, (Siberian Accentor), Prunella montanella (ssp montanella, badia?), accW1-4
___, Kayakuguri, (Japanese Accentor), Prunella rubida, fiP1-4
Sekirei-ka, (Wagtails and Pipits), Motacillidae
___, Iwami-sekirei, (Forest Wagtail), Dendronanthus indicus, accM1; rMS3-4; rW5;accW6
___, Tsumenaga-sekirei, (Eastern Yellow Wagtail), Motacilla tschutschensis (ssp macronyx, taivana), riS1; rM2-5; uW5; accW6
___, Kigashira-sekirei, (Citrine Wagtail), Motacilla citreola (ssp citreola), accM1-4; accMW5-6
___, Ki-sekirei, (Grey Wagtail), Motacilla cinerea (ssp cinerea), cS1-4; cW3-5; accW6
___, Haku-sekirei, (White Wagtail), Motacilla alba (ssp personata, baicalensis, ocularis, lugens, leucopsis, alboides), cS1; cP2-4; cMW4-5; uW6
E__, Seguro-sekirei, (Japanese Wagtail), Motacilla grandis, uS1; ciP2-4; uW5
___, Mamijiro-tahibari, (Richard's Pipit), Anthus richardi, accMW1-6
___, Ko-mamijiro-tahibari, (Blyth's Pipit), Anthus godlewskii, acc1-5
U__, Muji-tahibari, (Tawny Pipit), Anthus campestris, acc
___, Makiba-tahibari, (Meadow Pipit), Anthus pratensis, acc3-5
___, Yoroppa-binzui, (Tree Pipit), Anthus trivialis (ssp trivialis), acc2-5
___, Binzui, (Olive-backed Pipit), Anthus hodgsoni (ssp hodgsoni, yunnanensis), cS1-4; uW3-5; accW6
___, Sejiro-tahibari, (Pechora Pipit), Anthus gustavi (ssp gustavi), rM1-6
___,Usubeni-tahibari, (Rosy Pipit), Anthus roseatus, acc4 (Fukuoka Jan 2009)
___, Muneaka-tahibari, (Red-throated Pipit), Anthus cervinus, uM1-4; uW5; acc6
___, Tahibari, (Buff-bellied Pipit), Anthus rubescens (ssp japonicus), cM1-2; cW3-6
U__, Mizu-tahibari, (Water Pipit), Anthus spinoletta (ssp blakistoni), acc4-5
Atori-ka, (Finches and Euphonias), Fringillidae
___, Zu-ao-atori, (Common Chaffinch), Fringilla coelebs (ssp coelebs), acc1 (Rishirito I. Apr 1990)
___, Atori, (Brambling), Fringilla montifringilla, cMrW1; cMW2-5; accW6
___, Shime, (Hawfinch), Coccothraustes coccothraustes (ssp coccothraustes, japonicus), cSuW1; uScW2; cMW3-4; uW5-6
___, Ko-ikaru, (Chinese Grosbeak), Eophona migratoria (ssp migratoria), accW1; uiM2-5; uW3-4; accW6
___, Ikaru, (Japanese Grosbeak), Eophona personata (ssp personata), fS1-2; fP3-4; rW5-6
___, Ginzan-mashiko, (Pine Grosbeak), Pinicola enucleator (ssp kamtschatkensis, sakhalinensis), uiP1; accW2-3
___, Uso, (Eurasian Bullfinch), Pyrrhula pyrrhula (ssp cassinii, griseiventris, rosacea), fP1-2; fW3-4; accW5
___, Hagi-mashiko, (Asian Rosy Finch), Leucosticte arctoa (ssp brunneonucha), fiWrS1; uiW2-4
___, Aka-mashiko, (Common Rosefinch), Carpodacus erythrinus (ssp grebnitskii), rMaccW1-5
X__, Ogasawara-mashiko, (Bonin Grosbeak), Carpodacus ferreorostris, (E P6)
___, Beni-mashiko, (Long-tailed Rosefinch), Carpodacus sibiricus (ssp sanguinolentus), cS1; rSciW2; riW3-4; accW6
___, O-mashiko, (Pallas's Rosefinch), Carpodacus roseus (ssp portenkoi), uW1-2; acc3-5
___, Kawara-hiwa, (Grey-capped Greenfinch), Chloris sinica (ssp kawarahiba, minor), cSuW1; cP2-6
___, Ogasawara-kawara-hiwa (Bonin Greenfinch), Chloris kittlitzi, u6 (Ogasawara & Iso Islands)
___, Beni-hiwa, (Common Redpoll), Acanthis flammea (ssp flammea), uiW1-2; rW3-4; acc5-6
___, Ko-beni-hiwa, (Arctic Redpoll), Acanthis hornemanni (ssp exilipes), accW1-2
___, Isuka, (Red Crossbill), Loxia curvirostra (ssp japonica), uMWrS1-2; accMW3-6
___, Naki-isuka, (Two-barred Crossbill), Loxia leucoptera (ssp bifasciata), rW1-2; accW3
U__, Goshiki-hiwa, (European Goldfinch), Carduelis carduelis (ssp carduelis, caniceps), acc2
___, Ma-hiwa, (Eurasian Siskin), Spinus spinus, uS1-2; fMW1-6
Tsumenaga-hojiro-ka, (Longspurs and Snow Buntings) Calcariidae
___, Tsumenaga-hojiro, (Lapland Longspur), Calcarius lapponicus (ssp coloratus), rMW1; accW2-5
___, Yuki-hojiro, (Snow Bunting), Plectrophenax nivalis (ssp vlasowae, townsendi), uiW1-2; acc3-5
Hojiro-ka, (Buntings), Emberizidae
___, Renjaku-nojiko, (Crested Bunting), Emberiza lathami, acc5 (Iriomote May 1987)
___, Ki-aoji, (Yellowhammer), Emberiza citrinella (ssp erythrogenys), accW2-4
___, Shiraga-hojiro, (Pine Bunting), Emberiza leucocephalos (ssp leucocephalos), rMW1-5
___, Hojiro, (Meadow Bunting), Emberiza cioides (ssp ciopsis), cSrW1; cP2-4; rW5-6
___, Iwaba-hojiro, (Grey-necked Bunting), Emberiza buchanani (ssp neobscura?), accM2-3 (Tobishima Sept 2008, Hegurajima Oct 1997)
___, Zu-ao-hojiro, (Ortolan Bunting), Emberiza hortulana, acc3-5 (Hegurajima Oct 1986, Tokunoshima & Kumejima June 2006)
___, Shirohara-hojiro, (Tristram's Bunting), Emberiza tristrami, acc1; rMW2-5
___, Hoaka, (Chestnut-eared Bunting), Emberiza fucata (ssp fucata), ciS1-4; fMW3-4; rMW5
___, Ko-hoaka, (Little Bunting), Emberiza pusilla, rMW1-5; accW6
___, Kimayu-hojiro, (Yellow-browed Bunting), Emberiza chrysophrys, acc1; rMW2-4; acc5
___, Kashiradaka, (Rustic Bunting), Emberiza rustica, cMW1-4; rW5-6
___, Miyama-hojiro, (Yellow-throated Bunting), Emberiza elegans (ssp elegans), uMrW1-2; uP3; fMW4-5; acc6
___, *Shima-aoji, (Yellow-breasted Bunting), Emberiza aureola (ssp ornata), rS1; accS2; accM2-6
___, Shima-nojiko, (Chestnut Bunting), Emberiza rutila, accMW1-5
___, Zuguro-chakincho, (Black-headed Bunting), Emberiza melanocephala, accMW1-5
___, Chakincho, (Red-headed Bunting), Emberiza bruniceps, accM (some Japan Sea island records)
___, Nojiko, (Yellow Bunting), Emberiza sulphurata, acc1; riS2-3; rMW3-5
___, Aoji, (Black-faced Bunting), Emberiza spodocephala (ssp spodocephala, personata), rS1; cP2; cMW3-5; acc6
___, Kuroji, (Grey Bunting), Emberiza variabilis (ssp variabilis), ciS1-2; fW2-4; rW5
___, Shiberia-jurin, (Pallas's Reed Bunting), Emberiza pallasi (ssp pallasi, polaris), accM1; rM2; rW3-4
___, Ko-jurin, (Japanese Reed Bunting), Emberiza yessoensis (ssp yessoensis), accS1; uiS2; uiW3-4
___, O-jurin, (Common Reed Bunting), Emberiza schoeniclus (ssp pyrrhulina), fSrW1-2; ciW3-5
-ka?, (New World Sparrows), Passerellidae
___, Gomafu-suzume, (Sooty Fox Sparrow), Passerella unalaschcensis (ssp?), accW1-2 (Hokkaido Feb 1985, Tochigi Nov 1935, Kanagawa Jan 2010)
___, Uta-suzume, (Song Sparrow), Melospiza melodia (ssp maxima?), acc3 (Mishima I. May 2007)
___, Miyama-shitodo, (White-crowned Sparrow), Zonotrichia leucophrys (ssp gambelii), accW1-4
___, Kigashira-shitodo, (Golden-crowned Sparrow), Zonotrichia atricapilla, accW1-3
___, Sabanna-shitodo, (Savannah Sparrow), Passerculus sandwichensis (ssp anthinus), accW1-5
Amerika-mushikui-ka, (New World Warblers), Parulidae
___ , *Kaoguro-amerika-mushikui, (Common Yellowthroat), Geothlypis trichis (ssp arizela?), acc2 (Ibaraki March 2017)
___, Kizuta-amerika-mushikui, (Myrtle Warbler), Setophaga coronata (ssp hooveri), acc2 (Kanagawa Jan 2010)
___, Uiruson-amerika-mushikui, (Wilson's Warbler), Cardellina pusilla (ssp pileolata?), acc2 (Hegurajima Oct 1991)
Fukincho-ka , (Tanagers and allies) Thraupidae
___, Kokancho, (Red-crested Cardinal), Paroaria coronata, F 2 (Saitama, Tokyo, Osaka)
FOOTNOTES (*):
* Mankusu-mizunagidori (Manx Shearwater) Puffinus puffinus. "One seen at Gotenba seashore, Tsu City, Mie Prefecture, several times from the middle of May to 13 July 2004. The bird often flew around a shop at the shore in the night and ran against the sheet over the shop. It was captured and released several times. I saw it and took photos on 11 July. It was identified as P. bannermani (Ogasawara-mizunagidori), but now several birders including me believe that it was P. puffinus and the first Asian record. It has not been published yet, but a paper is being prepared." (fide Atsunori Fukuda, 2005)
*Hawai-seguro-mizunagidori, (Newell's Shearwater), Puffinus newelli, acc6 (Chichijima Nov 2006). This record may refer instead to Rapa Shearwater, Puffinus myrtae, split from Newell's in 2018.
* Hime-mizunagidori (Little Shearwater) Puffinus assimilis. One captured on Hahajima, Ogasawara, Tokyo, on 7 April 1997 (Hiraoka and Chiba, the Ornithological Society of Japan 1997 meeting). Another captured on Chichijima, Ogasawara, Tokyo, on 3 January 2005. It died later and is preserved in the Institute of Boninology. Photos can be seen at the following HP (in Japanese): http://www.ogasawara.or.jp/ibo/topic_f.html (fide Atsunori Fukuda, 2005). [Compiler's note: To my knowledge, specimen has not been identified to subspecies. Subspecies (now species) elegans, Subantarctic Shearwater, was split from Little in 2017.]
* Toki (Crested Ibis) Nipponia nippon. Reintroduced onto Sado Island in experimental numbers, December 2008. The first wild-born young were reported in April 2013.
* Amerika-haiiro-chuuhi (Northern Harrier) Circus hudsonius. Teruaki Morioka (1999) identified the harrier of which Mr. Hirozo Maki took a photo in mid-January 1997 in Bekkai-cho, Hokkaido, as Circus hudsonius. The photo appeared in Morioka (1999), Maki (1998), and Maki and Onishi (2000). This bird was a male adult. Morioka (1999) also suggested that the harrier of which he took photos on 17 January 1982 in Nabeta, Aichi Prefecture, should be identified as Circus hudsonius. The same photo also appeared in Morioka et al. (1995), and Morioka also suggested in this book that the bird had characters of hudsonius. This bird was a juvenile. References: Maki, H. 1998, Birds of Prey in Japan, Heibon-sha, Tokyo (in Japanese). Maki, H. and Onishi, T. 2000, A Photographic Guide to the Birds of Japan 590. Heibon-sha, Tokyo (in Japanese). Morioka, T., Kanouchi, T., Kawata, T. and Yamagata, N. 1995, The Birds of Prey in Japan (in Japanese with some English). Morioka, T. 1999, "Study of Ssp. of Hen Harrier in North America", Birder 13(6): 66-69, 105 (in Japanese). (fide Yoshiki Watabe, June 2006)
* Munajiro-chuhi (Pallid Harrier) Circus macrourus. It was said that a Pallid Harrier had been recorded with a photo at Ochiishi-misaki, Hokkaido on 3 January 1984. However, Mr. Teruaki Morioka identified it as a Hen Harrier, as (1) the pattern of the bird's face had been delicate and paler than Pallid Harrier, and (2) the length of p5 had been seen to be the same length or longer than the length of p2. Reference: Nihon Yacho no Kai Yacho-kiroku Iinkai 1989. The Birds of First Record in Japan, Yacho 54(1): 38-43. (fide Yoshiki Watabe, 2005)
* Himehairo-chuhi (Montagu's Harrier) Circus pygargus. One recorded at Izu-numa, Miyagi-ken on 4 March 1967, but without photos. The record was published in Yacho 32(8):15. (fide Yoshiki Watabe, 2005)
*Seikei, (Grey-headed Swamphen), Porphyrio poliocephalus. Previous sightings may instead be of Philippine Swamphen, Porphyrio pulverulentus, since split.
* Higashishina-ajisashi, (Chinese Crested Tern), Thalasseus bernsteini. 19 Oct 2018, Miyakojima. Photographed by Vladimir Dinets.
* Amerika-umisuzume (Cassin's Auklet) Ptychoramphus aleuticus. One photographed on 19 March 2005 from the Ooarai-Tomakomai ferry by Mr. Masao Fukagawa. (fide Yoshiki Watabe, 2005)
* Zukin-garasu (Hooded Crow) Corvus cornix. 31 May 2010. Sano M, Nakajima F, Odaya Y & Umegaki Y, 2018, The first record of Hooded Crow Corvus cornix for Japan, on Yonaguni Is., Okinawa Prefecture. Jpn J Ornithol 67: 259–262.
* Kaoguro-amerika-mushilui, (Common Yellowthroat), Geothlypis trichis. 26 February to 23 April 2017. Fukuda A & Odaya Y, 2018, The first record of Common Yellowthroat Geothlypis trichas for Japan, in Ibaraki Town, Higashi-Ibaraki County, Ibaraki Prefecture. Jpn J Ornithol 67: 253–258.
* Suge-yoshikiri (Sedge Warbler) Acrocephalus schoenobaenus. First record 1 September 2012 at Tsushima, Nagasaki prefecture (Japan Bird Journal Vol. 62 (2013) No. 2, pp 192-194). One trapped and ringed by Katsura Mikami on 12 September 2016 at Nanae-cho, Hokkaido.
* Kiiroutai-mushikui (Icterine Warbler) Hippolais icterina. One observed by Mr. Toshikazu Oonishi (author of Nihon no Yacho 590, Heibon-sha) on 13 October 1995, Hegurajima, but no photo taken. (fide Yoshiki Watabe, 2005)
* Chabara-oruri (Vivid Niltava) Niltava vivida. Two records from Okinawa, but may have been escapees. One male was captured at Itoman City, Okinawa Prefecture, on 2 May 1989 ("A Check-list of the Birds of Okinawa Prefecture with Notes on Recent Status including Hypothetical Records", Whirter et al., 1996, Bulletin of the Okinawa Prefectural Museum 22:33-152). "I saw one adult male at Sonai, Yonaguni-jima, Okinawa Prefecture, on 24 March 1998. Mr. Motowaka et al. found it the same day. I did not take a photo, but a photo that Mr. Hika took on a later day is in A Guide to the Wild Birds of Okinawa (Okinawa Bird Study Society, 2002, published by Shinpou-shuppan)". (fide Atsunori Fukuda, 2005)
* Shima-aoji (Yellow-breasted Bunting) Emberiza aureola. Dramatic decline in numbers throughout range.
AD HOC CHECKLIST COMMITTEE: Neil Davidson, Charles Harper, † Richard Klim, Denis Lepage, Sean Minns, Nial Moores
